Empirical Model for Basin Effects Accounts for Basin Depth and Source Location

Choi, Yoojoong

doi:10.1785/0120040208

Cited by 63 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…This is the case of the extensional tectonic depressions advocated in the introductory section of this work, that, as shown by the L'Aquila 2009 earthquake, may experience a dramatic variability of the spatial distribution of ground motion, especially in the near-field of the earthquake, hard to be reproduced by standard approaches for earthquake ground motion prediction. For such cases, 3D numerical simulations may be helpful to produce empirical amplification factors for earthquake ground motions, in a similar way as was previously done for deep basins by Choi et al (2005) and Day et al (2008), in the framework of the researches to produce the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) relationships.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of 3D, 2D and 1D numerical approaches to predict long period earthquake ground motion in the Gubbio plain, Central Italy

Smerzini

Paolucci

Stupazzini³

2011

Bull Earthquake Eng

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In this work we studied the performance of different numerical approaches to simulate the large amplifications of long period earthquake ground motion within the Gubbio plain, a closed-shape intra-mountain alluvial basin of extensional tectonic origin in Central Italy, observed during the Umbria-Marche 1997 seismic sequence. Particularly, referring to the Sep 26 1997 M w 6.0 mainshock, we considered the following numerical approximations: (a) 3D model, including a kinematic model of the extended seismic source, a layered crustal structure, and the basin itself with a simplified homogeneous velocity profile; (b) 2D model of a longitudinal and transversal cross-section of the basin, subject to vertical and oblique incidence of plane waves with time dependence at bedrock obtained by the 3D simulations; (c) 1D model. 3D and 2D numerical simulations were carried out using the spectral element code GeoELSE, exploiting in 3D its implementation in parallel computer architectures. 3D numerical simulations were successful to predict the observed large amplification of ground motion at periods beyond about 1 s, due to the prominent onset of surface waves originated at the southern edge of the basin and propagating northwards. More specifically, the difference of 3D vs 2D results is remarkable, since the latter ones fail to approach such large amplification levels, even when an oblique incidence of plane waves is considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of 3D, 2D and 1D numerical approaches to predict long period earthquake ground motion in the Gubbio plain, Central Italy

Smerzini

Paolucci

Stupazzini³

2011

Bull Earthquake Eng

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“…Figure 7a also illustrates one possible ray path from the M w 6.3 rupture in which seismic waves propagate up-dip and enter the sedimentary basin through its thickening edge. The large post-critical incidence angles of such waves cause reflections which lead to a waveguide effect in which surface waves propagate across the basin resulting in enhanced long period ground motion amplitudes and shaking duration [17]. Figure 7b illustrates the fault-normal, fault-parallel, and geometric mean horizontal pseudo-response spectra at Christchurch Hospital (CHHC), located at a source-to-site distance of R rup = 3.8 km on the footwall.…”

Section: Basin-generated Surface Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-source Strong Ground Motions Observed in the 22 February 2011 Christchurch Earthquake

Bradley

Cubrinovski

2011

Seismological Research Letters

214

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SUMMARYThis manuscript provides a critical examination of the ground motions recorded in the near-source region resulting from the 22 February 2011 Christchurch earthquake. Particular attention is given to reconciling the observed spatial distribution of ground motions in terms of physical phenomena related to source, path and site effects. The large number of near-source observed strong ground motions show clear evidence of: forward-directivity, basin generated surface waves, liquefaction and other significant nonlinear site response. The pseudo-acceleration response spectra (SA) amplitudes and significant duration of strong motions agree well with empirical prediction models, except at long vibration periods where the influence of basin-generated surface waves and nonlinear site response are significant and not adequately accounted for in empirical SA models. Pseudo-acceleration response spectra are also compared with those observed in the 4 September 2010 Darfield earthquake and routine design response spectra used in order to emphasise the amplitude of ground shaking and elucidate the importance of local geotechnical characteristics on surface ground motions. The characteristics of the observed vertical component accelerations are shown to be strongly dependent on source-to-site distance and are comparable with those from the 4 September 2010 Darfield earthquake, implying the large amplitudes observed are simply a result of many observations at close distances rather than a peculiar source effect.

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“…Several recent studies (e.g. Graves et al 1998, Chavez-Garcia and Faccioli 2000, Olsen 2000, Makra et al 2001, Hurby and Beresnev 2003, Choi et al 2005 have showed that ground motion within sedimentary basins is strongly influenced by the interaction between the incoming body waves and the 2D/3D structure of a basin's edge. For example, the lengthening of the shake duration due to basin-edge effects is well documented (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of strong ground motion data recorded in the Gubbio sedimentary basin (Central Italy)

Pacor

Bindi

Luzi

et al. 2006

Bull Earthquake Eng

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Various authors, analysing the set of accelerograms recorded at Gubbio Piana (GBP) (central Italy), have demonstrated that strong amplification occurs at this accelerometric station, which is installed within an alluvial basin. In particular, Ambraseys et al. [(2005a), Bull Earthq Eng 3:1-53; (2005b), Bull Earth Eng 3:55-73] observed that the strong motion peaks at GBP greatly exceed the median values predicted by the attenuation relationships they derived for Europe. In this work, we analyse and discuss some characteristics of the ground motion recorded at the GBP station. We show that the ground motion parameters, such as peak-ground acceleration and peak-ground velocity, are strongly influenced by the presence of locally induced surface waves that produce both a lengthening of the significant shaking duration and an increase in the peak values with respect to a nearby bedrock site. The basin-induced surface waves are observed in the three components of motion and their effects on the peak values are particularly evident in the vertical component. In the frequency domain, the energy of the surface waves is mostly restricted to the frequency band 0.4-0.8 Hz for both the horizontal and vertical components. The horizontal and vertical Fourier amplitudes are also very similar, and this indicates that the H/V spectral ratio technique is not applicable to describing the site response due to the propagation of seismic wave in a complex 2D/3D geological structure. Finally, a preliminary polarization analysis shows that the directions of polarization, as well Bull Earthquake Eng (2007) 5:27-43 as the degree of elliptical polarization, exhibit a strong variability with time, that may be related to a complex propagation of Love and Rayleigh waves within the basin.

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Empirical Model for Basin Effects Accounts for Basin Depth and Source Location

Cited by 63 publications

References 40 publications

Comparison of 3D, 2D and 1D numerical approaches to predict long period earthquake ground motion in the Gubbio plain, Central Italy

Comparison of 3D, 2D and 1D numerical approaches to predict long period earthquake ground motion in the Gubbio plain, Central Italy

Near-source Strong Ground Motions Observed in the 22 February 2011 Christchurch Earthquake

Characteristics of strong ground motion data recorded in the Gubbio sedimentary basin (Central Italy)

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