Empirical habitat suitability model for immature albacore tuna in the North Pacific Ocean obtained using multisatellite remote sensing data

Multisatellite-Based Feeding Habitat Suitability Modeling of Albacore Tuna in the Southern Atlantic Ocean

“…To clarify the relationship between environmental preferences and the stock abundance index (i.e., standardized CPUE) of the fishing grounds, a suitability index (SI) for albacore was calculated based on the central tendency of habitat factors [28] by fitting the standardized CPUE data and environmental variables in the specific month, longitude, and latitude by using smoothing spline regression [24][25][26]28,49]. In constructing the SI model, the stock abundance index was assumed as the dependent (or response) variable, and environmental variables were used as the independent (or explanatory) variable.…”

“…The SI values prepared from each environmental factor of the fishing grounds were inputted into a common empirical HSI model [7,25,26]. Two of the most common empirical HSI models-the arithmetic mean model (AMM) [28,53] and the geometric mean model (GMM) [28,54]-are generally employed to evaluate habitat accessibility [7,28]. HSI is assumed to be a univariate variable range between 0 and 1 [55].…”

“…We assumed SST to be the principal factor for defining the habitat for albacore according to studies on the association between environmental variables and albacore catch [28]. We then applied different forward combinations of two to six variables as habitat data in each empirical habitat model.…”

“…We then applied different forward combinations of two to six variables as habitat data in each empirical habitat model. SI values > 0.6, obtained from various integrations of habitat factors, were then incorporated into the HSI model [28].…”

“…Models for potential habitat zones of marine organisms, such as the habitat suitability index (HSI) model, generalized linear model (GLM), and generalized additive model (GAM), have been extensively studied recently. Multisatellite remotely sensed data were used for habitat modeling of albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) in the North Pacific Ocean [28]. Wang et al [29,30] and Alabia et al [31] have developed a practical model to define the suitable habitat and optimal ranges of environmental factors for a fishing grounds map and spatial shifts of neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.…”