Empirical Equation for Calculating the Density of Oxide Glasses

Abstract

The density of oxide glass including silicate, borate, phosphate, tellurite, and germanate glasses were measured using the Archimedes method. On the assumption that the ionic packing ratio is approximately a constant independent of chemical composition, an empirical equation for estimating the density from chemical composition was proposed. The calculated values are in reasonable agreement with the corresponding measured ones. I. IntroductionT HE density of glass is undoubtedly one of the most important properties in industrial glass production, and is required for calculating other properties, such as refractive index, elastic properties, and thermal conductivity. Academically, density, which is related to the molar volume and the ionic packing ratio, plays a significant role in the study of structure in materials, whether they are inorganic, polymeric, or metallic in nature.In the case of glass, the density depends almost entirely on chemical composition. Therefore, the problem of calculating the density according to their chemical composition has been the focus of much expert attention. 1-6 For example, Priven and Mazurin 1 compared various methods for the density estimation, reporting estimation errors of 0.038-0.11 g/cm 3 for glasses containing 450 mol% silica. Some important models were also summarized by Scholze (p. 204). 2 In 2007, Fluegel 3 performed a statistical analysis of the available silicate glass density data in SciGlass 7 and succeeded in reducing the density estimation errors provided by Priven and Mazurin. 1 Linard et al. 6 proposed a model to predict the density of complex molten borosilicate glass in the temperature range from 9001 to 13001C. Although these models make it possible to carry out calculations with a fairly high degree of accuracy, they are often valid only for glasses containing mainly silica.The purpose of this work is to propose a guideline in predicting the density from chemical composition. We systematically measured the density of silicate, borate, phosphate, tellurite, and germanate oxide glasses. The empirical equation for calculating the density from chemical composition is derived by use of this experimental result and the data from INTER-GLAD database. 8

Structural investigations on 20MO-xBi2O3-(80-x)B2O3 (M=Ca, Sr and Ba; x=15 and 55) glasses

“…Recently, Inaba and Fujino developed an empirical equation for calculating the density of oxide glasses from chemical composition, based on the assumption that the ionic packing ratio is approximately a constant and is independent of chemical composition [18]. According to this model, the empirical equation for calculating the density from chemical composition is…”

“…The values of molecular weights and packing density parameters of constituent oxides, taken from the literature [18] are given in Table 1. The densities of the studied glasses, calculated using Eq.…”

“…The thermal behaviors of the prepared glasses were studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and are correlated with their structure. An attempt was made to predict the density, optical basicity, oxide (-II) refractivity, electronegativity and interaction parameter of the studied glasses as these parameters are important in glass industry for calculating other properties such as refractive index, elastic properties and thermal conductivity [18].…”

Computational Modeling of Silicate Glasses: A Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship Perspective

“…A number of linear expressions, empirically derived by assuming additivity upon components, are available in the literature to predict this property [30]. However, the underlying additivity assumption limited the validity of these equations to narrow ranges of concentration [31].…”

Mixed alkali effect in physical and optical properties of Li2O–Na2O–WO3–B2O3 glasses

“…Recently, Inaba and Fujino [52] reported an empirical equation for ionic packing ratio, which is utilized to develop the density model. The ionic packing ratio V P is expressed by [53] …”