Empirical determination of explosive vapor transport efficiencies

Abstract

The transport efficiency of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) trace vapors through tubing materials that commonly constitute vapor handling infrastructures have been determined for a variety of tubing...

Test method for vapor collection and ion mobility detection of explosives with low vapor pressure

“…The TNT ion peak is [TNT -H] -. 7,[28][29][30] For the horizontal arrangement, the TNT ion peak was more intensively observed at 5 -6 sec after the sample inlet. For the vertical arrangement, the TNT ion peak was more intensively detected at 5 -6 sec after the sample inlet and it was observed until 10 sec.…”

“…The two RDX-related ions correspond to [RDX + Cl]and [RDX + NO 2 ] -. [28][29][30][31] For the vertical arrangement, the two RDX-related ions were clearly detected at 37.3 and 39.5 ms after 5 sec. Similar to the TNT case, the detection sensitivity for the vertical arrangement of the LCP was greater than that for the horizontal arrangement, which is also because of the flexibility and adsorption ability of the LCP as discussed above.…”

“…27 Explosives with low vapor pressure can be vaporized by various methods including heating an explosive powder, nebulizing and heating an explosive solution, evaporating an explosive powder at room temperature for a long time, and using a vapor generator. [28][29][30][31][32] Mullen et al studied explosive vapor transport efficiency using aqueous solutions of TNT and RDX by nebulizing and heating them at 130 o C for the preparation of explosive vapor, 28 while Li et al prepared explosive vapor by placing a solid-state explosive powder in a flask at 25 o C for 48 h after sealing. 31 Vapor preparation by heating is not suitable for thermally labile chemicals; also, it is difficult to control the amount of vapor.…”

Test method for vapor collection and ion mobility detection of explosives with low vapor pressure

“…The TNT ion peak is [TNT -H] À . 7,[28][29][30] For the horizontal arrangement, the TNT ion peak was more intensively observed at 5-6 s after the sample inlet. For the vertical arrangement, the TNT ion peak was more intensively detected at 5-6 s after the sample inlet, and it was observed until 10 s. Detection sensitivity for the vertical arrangement was better than that for the horizontal arrangement, which was unexpected; however, it can be attributed to the flexibility and adsorption ability of the thin LCP (0.03 mm thickness).…”

“…27 Explosives with low vapor pressure can be vaporized using various methods, including heating an explosive powder, nebulizing and heating an explosive solution, evaporating an explosive powder at room temperature for a long time, and using a vapor generator. [28][29][30][31][32] Mullen et al studied explosive vapor transport efficiency using aqueous solutions of TNT and RDX by nebulizing and heating them at 130 C for the preparation of explosive vapor, 28 whereas Li et al prepared explosive vapor by placing a solid-state explosive powder in a flask at 25 C for 48 h after sealing. 31 Vapor preparation by heating is not suitable for thermally labile chemicals; also, it is difficult to control the amount of vapor.…”