Empirical calculation of the optimal tilt angle for solar collectors in northern hemisphere

Kallioğlu, Mehmet Ali; Durmuş, Aydın; Karakaya, Hakan; Yılmaz, Adem

doi:10.1080/15567036.2019.1663315

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For example, Duffie et al 2 suggested that the optimum tilt angle should be equal to the local latitude. Kallioglu et al 3 predicted the optimum tilt angles in Turkey and the northern hemisphere by fitting the regression equation between latitude and tilt angle. Abdallah et al 4 established a mathematical model between latitude and tilt angle to determine the optimum tilt angle and calculated the daily, monthly, seasonal, semiannual and annual solar irradiation when the PV modules face south.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on optimum tilt angle of photovoltaic module based on regional clustering of influencing factors of power generation

Liu

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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This study proposes a methodology to optimize photovoltaic (PV) module tilt angle based on regional clustering and cost evaluation. The factors that affect the power generation of PV module have significant geographical differences and coupling characteristics, and the impact of each influencing factor varies at different installation parameters. Initially, this paper performs clustering analysis on the geographical regions of mainland China to obtain 10 geographic regional classifications based on the consistency of impact degree of influencing factors. A PV module power generation prediction model is constructed by considering the influence of environmental and installation factors comprehensively and then the optimum tilt angle is further obtained. Application results in Wuhan City verifies the accuracy and validity of the proposed model with a relative root mean square error (% RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.9% and 1.66%, respectively. Subsequently, the model is applied to the power generation prediction of PV module in Hangzhou City.The results indicate that the optimum angle of the PV module is affected by the cleaning cycle. To investigate the relationship between the cleaning cycle and the optimum tilt angle, a novel cost evaluation model that considers the power loss and cleaning costs is proposed. Based on this proposed model, the optimum combination of cleaning cycle and tilt angle in Hangzhou City, namely, 15 days and 22 , is determined. The results are suitable for all the regions that belong to the same regional category with Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The model and analysis method given in this research can provide theoretical support for determining the optimum tilt angle and cleaning cycle of PV module in different clustering regions.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on optimum tilt angle of photovoltaic module based on regional clustering of influencing factors of power generation

Liu

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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“…Different resources exist that provide estimates of optimal tilt angles for certain locations. Some literature provides the values of λ � ϕ ± 20°, λ � ϕ ± 8°, λ � ϕ ± 5°, and λ � ϕ ± 15° [16][17][18], where λ represents the tilt angle and ϕ is the geographical latitude. In Kenya, for example, all major solar installation companies use a static tilt angle of 15°for all installations regardless of the specific location in the country.…”

Section: Review Of Industry Practice In Determination Of Solar Pv Enementioning

confidence: 99%

Maximization of Site-Specific Solar Photovoltaic Energy Generation through Tilt Angle and Sun-Hours Optimization

Makenzi

Muguthu

Murimi

2020

Journal of Renewable Energy

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Many photovoltaic solar projects do not achieve optimum energy and power outputs due to poor technical sizing and system design approaches. Concerns on low-conversion rates, high intermittencies, and high-capital costs still haunt PV projects. The establishment of design methodologies that would result in increased outputs from solar arrays is crucial in addressing the aforementioned issues. The tilt angles of installed PV modules are critical factors that influence the power output of solar modules. Several resources are available that provide generic linear fits and estimation of tilt angles for various global regions. However, very few are capable of determining precise, location-specific tilt angles that would allow for optimal power output and energy generation. This paper presents a methodology developed to establish the optimum tilt angles for solar panels installed at specific locations, thus ensuring maximum energy generation. The modeling is based on the maximization of the solar irradiation incident on the surface of a PV panel by considering multiple site-specific variables. Different sets of transcendent equations have been derived which were used to calculate optimum tilt angles and the subsequent energy generation from specific configurations of photovoltaic arrays. The resulting algorithms were used to determine optimum tilt angles and energy generation for solar PV installations in Athi River, Kenya. Dynamic and static optimal tilt angles were compared with the region’s baseline industry practice of using a fixed tilt angle of 15◦. It was observed that the dynamic tilt angles improved the daily solar energy output by up to 6.15%, while the computed optimal static tilt angle provided a 2.87% output increment. This improvement presents a significant impact on the technical specification of the PV system with a consequent reduction in the investment and operational cost of such installations. It further demonstrated that the use of the optimum static tilt angle results in cost and space savings of up to 2.8% as compared to the standard industry practice. Additionally, 5.8% cost and space savings were attained by the utilization of dynamic tilt angles.

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“…In order to maximize the amount of solar radiation incident on a collector or module surface, computation of tilt angle is one of the simplest and appropriate ways to pursue this problem. Kallioğlu [3] reported that collector tilt angle (0°-90°) if properly located and positioned will yield maximum productivity from solar energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The efficiency of a solar parabolic collector can be increase by mounting the collector at the monthly average tilt angle and the slope adjusted every month [4]. Various researchers reported that high tilt angles are observed from September to February and low tilt angle between March to August [2,3] and [6]. This is as a result of the seasonal variations in sun positions; during later months (March to August) the sun comes overhead and maximum radiation is attainable on a horizontal surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Tilt Angles on the Thermal Performance of a Solar Parabolic Trough Collector System

Sintali¹,

Abioye²

2020

AJASR

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This paper studied the effects of tilt angles on the thermal performance of a solar parabolic collector system. This is the angle at which the beam solar radiation arriving from the sun will fall perpendicular to the solar collector surface. The quantitative assessments of radiation incident on a tilted plane are very important for designing solar collecting devices. The idea was to evaluate the thermal performance of the solar collector at the monthly optimal tilt angles in Bauchi (latitude 10°30' North and 10°00' East). Monthly mean daily global and diffuse components of the solar radiation for 10 years (January, 2009-December, 2019) were collected and used for the simulation using MATLAB software. Also used for the simulation are the developed energy balance equations for evaluation of thermal performances of solar collector. It was observed that, as the tilt angles decreases, both absorber tube and fluid temperatures together with the thermal efficiencies of the collector increased. Higher tilt angles were witnessed during January-February and September-December (20°-33°) and these months were having low temperatures of the absorber tube and the fluid (169°C-228°C and 130°C-117°C respectively). Low tilt angles between March to August (7°-16°) and with temperatures of the absorber tube and fluid between 220°C-235°C and 128°C-142°C respectively. Maximum thermal efficiency of 73% was obtained at the least optimal tilt angles (7°-8°). Thus, for efficient solar radiation collections, solar parabolic trough collector system should be maintained at optimal tilt angles between 7°-33° in Bauchi depending upon the seasonal variations.

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Empirical calculation of the optimal tilt angle for solar collectors in northern hemisphere

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

Research on optimum tilt angle of photovoltaic module based on regional clustering of influencing factors of power generation

Research on optimum tilt angle of photovoltaic module based on regional clustering of influencing factors of power generation

Maximization of Site-Specific Solar Photovoltaic Energy Generation through Tilt Angle and Sun-Hours Optimization

Effects of Tilt Angles on the Thermal Performance of a Solar Parabolic Trough Collector System

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