Emphysema of the periorbital region and mediastinum in a young child following a dental procedure

Pronounced mediastinal emphysema after restorative treatment of the lower left molar—a case report and a systematic review of the literature

“…Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid oral for four days as outpatient Durukan et al [ 16 ] First right mandibular molar Endodontic treatment Hospitalisation for three days, intravenous antibiotics: metronidazole, ampicillin Chen et al [ 19 ] Second left mandibular premolar Endodontic treatment Hospitalisation for five days, intravenous antibiotic: apicillin/sulbactam. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid oral for 12 days as outpatient Kim et al [ 38 ] First left maxillary molar Endodontic treatment Hospitalisation for five days, intravenous antibiotics Lau et al [ 4 ] All teeth Teeth polishing Hospitalisation for four days, intravenous antibiotics Bocchiliani et al [ 39 ] All teeth Airflow procedure Hospitalisation for four days, intravenous antibiotics Mitsunaga et al [ 40 ] First left maxillary molar Tartar removal with an Er: YAG laser Hospitalisation, airway monitoring, bed rest, and prophylactic intravenous antibiotic therapy for five days Wong et al [ 41 ] Third right mandibular molar Coronectomy Treatment as outpatient with analgetic drugs Lee et al [ 42 ] Second right maxillary anterior tooth Periimplantitis therapy Hospitalisation for 13 days, intravenous antibiotics (cephalosporin and piperacillin/tazobactam) for seven days Moschetta et al [ 43 ] Primary teeth Devitalization Hospitalisation three days, intravenous antibiotics …”