Empathy, sex role orientation, and narcissism

Watson, P. J.; Biderman, Michael D.; Sawrie, Steve M.

doi:10.1007/bf01544671

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Thus, MACH involves an affective detachment that includes both a lack of emotional expression and a relative inability to recognize and understand the emotional expressions of others. Watson et al (1994) reported inverse associations between MACH and empathic concern, a capacity for perspective taking, and a communal orientation (see also Abramson, 1973). Their results are consistent with numerous studies documenting the cynical and generally callous outlook associated with MACH.…”

Section: Shallow Affectsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Machiavellianism and psychopathy.

McHoskey

Worzel²,

Szyarto³

1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

403

237

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An integration of the Machiavellianism (MACH) and psychopathy constructs based on a dimensional view of personality and personality disorders and a recognition of B. Karpman's (1941Karpman's ( , 1948 conceptual distinction between primary and secondary psychopathy is presented. Positive associations between MACH and both primary and secondary psychopathy were found. It is concluded that the Mach-IV is a global measure of psychopathy in noninstitutionalized populations (i.e., one that assesses but confounds both primary and secondary psychopathy) and that the primary differences between MACH and psychopathy are not traceable to substantive theoretical issues but to the different professional affiliations they are associated with: personality and social psychology and clinical psychology, respectively.Although the fourth edition of the American Psychiatric Association's (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) identifies personality disorders as taxonomies, numerous authors have argued for a dimensional approach to the classification of personality disorders and psychopathology in general (

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Section: Shallow Affectsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…This possibility is consistent with the considerable overlap that exists among all three of these constructs (for MACH and narcissism, see McHoskey, 1995, andWatson et al. 1994;for MACH andpsychopathy, see Smith, 1978, andGriffith, 1978; for psychopathy and narcissism, see Harpur et al, 1994).…”

Section: Machiavellianism Psychopathy; and Narcissismmentioning

confidence: 50%

Machiavellianism and psychopathy.

McHoskey

Worzel²,

Szyarto³

1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

403

237

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Given the correlates of empathy, one can logically predict that narcissism and empathy would be negatively related, and indeed several studies confirm this relationship (e.g., Watson, Biderman, & Sawrie, 1994;Watson, Grisham, Trotter, & Biderman, 1984;Watson & Morris, 1991). The most consistent finding in these studies is a negative correlation between the most problematic scales of narcissism (i.e., exploitativeness and entitlement) and the most desirable scales of the IRI (i.e., EC and PT).…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Changes in Dispositional Empathy in American College Students Over Time: A Meta-Analysis

Konrath

O'Brien

Hsing

2010

Pers Soc Psychol Rev

728

475

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The current study examines changes over time in a commonly used measure of dispositional empathy. A cross-temporal meta-analysis was conducted on 72 samples of American college students who completed at least one of the four subscales (Empathic Concern, Perspective Taking, Fantasy, and Personal Distress) of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) between 1979 and 2009 (total N = 13,737). Overall, the authors found changes in the most prototypically empathic subscales of the IRI: Empathic Concern was most sharply dropping, followed by Perspective Taking. The IRI Fantasy and Personal Distress subscales exhibited no changes over time. Additional analyses found that the declines in Perspective Taking and Empathic Concern are relatively recent phenomena and are most pronounced in samples from after 2000.

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“…To this end, research could consider the role of gender schematicity. Gender schematicity (Bem, 1976;Frable & Bem, 1985) draws upon the bidimensional construct of masculinity and femininity, which are derived from an androgynous model where they represent orthogonal, independent factors (Marusic & Bratko, 1998;Watson, Biderman, & Sawrie, 1994), rather than the bipolarity of a unidimensional factor. In genderschematic terms, individuals can be classified as sex-typed, cross-sextyped or as gender aschematic based upon self-perceived gender-role characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of gender on mood effects in advertising

Martin

2003

Psychology and Marketing

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The main objective of this article is to study the impact of gender on mood effects in relation to attitude toward the ad and brand attitudes. Specifically, gender, mood state, and ad affective tone are posited to interact. Data from an experiment support two hypotheses predicting the most favorable combinations of mood and affective tone for males and females for attitude toward the ad. Findings also support previous research that female gender and sad moods, respectively, result in more detailed processing. Limitations and future research directions are discussed. ᭧

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Empathy, sex role orientation, and narcissism

Cited by 36 publications

References 37 publications

Machiavellianism and psychopathy.

Machiavellianism and psychopathy.

Changes in Dispositional Empathy in American College Students Over Time: A Meta-Analysis

The influence of gender on mood effects in advertising

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