Empathy.

Elliott, Robert; Bohart, Arthur C.; Watson, Jeanne C.; Greenberg, Leslie S.

doi:10.1037/a0022187

Cited by 444 publications

(422 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Tens of millions of Americans receive mental health treatment annually (7), but little is known about how ascendant biological conceptualizations might impact clinicians. The present study examines how biological explanations of psychopathology affect clinicians' empathy toward patients, an important factor in clinical care (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Such a finding would be of particular importance in the field of mental health because empathy is a bedrock of the therapeutic alliance that underlies clinician-patient relationships. Indeed, therapists' empathy positively predicts clinical outcomes (8). Thus, if biological explanations of mental illness decrease clinicians' empathy, patients' mental health could suffer as a result, counteracting benefits gained through ascendant biomedical approaches.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of biological explanations for mental disorders on clinicians’ empathy

Lebowitz

Ahn

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

185

155

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Mental disorders are increasingly understood in terms of biological mechanisms. We examined how such biological explanations of patients' symptoms would affect mental health clinicians' empathy-a crucial component of the relationship between treatment-providers and patients-as well as their clinical judgments and recommendations. In a series of studies, US clinicians read descriptions of potential patients whose symptoms were explained using either biological or psychosocial information. Biological explanations have been thought to make patients appear less accountable for their disorders, which could increase clinicians' empathy. To the contrary, biological explanations evoked significantly less empathy. These results are consistent with other research and theory that has suggested that biological accounts of psychopathology can exacerbate perceptions of patients as abnormal, distinct from the rest of the population, meriting social exclusion, and even less than fully human. Although the ongoing shift toward biomedical conceptualizations has many benefits, our results reveal unintended negative consequences.

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of biological explanations for mental disorders on clinicians’ empathy

Lebowitz

Ahn

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

185

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Given the evidence underlining the importance of empathic communication in psychotherapy (e.g. Elliott, Bohart, Watson, and Greenberg, 2011) and the role of non-verbal aspects (Imel et al, 2014;Weiste and Peräkylä, 2014), we anticipated that soft prosody would be a prominent feature of expressions of affiliation. It appeared that soft prosody did indeed have a role in how the therapist and student showed affiliation with the weeping client.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Prosody and Embodied Attunement in Therapeutic Interaction: A Multimethod Case Study of a Moment of Change

Kykyri

Karvonen

Wahlström

et al. 2016

Journal of Constructivist Psychology

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“…However, the evidence for the PCA core conditions of congruence, unconditional positive regard and empathy is mixed: empathy is a stronger predictor of outcome than congruence and unconditional positive regard (Norcross & Wampold, 2011). Another recent meta-analysis by Elliott et al (2011) found that empathy is no less important in other counselling orientations than in PCA. In other words, an empathic attitude is an essential component of any counsellor's work regardless of their theoretical orientation.…”

Section: Empirical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Can Motivational Interviewing be Truly Integrated with Person-centered Counselling?

Crisp

2015

The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling

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T his article examines whether Motivational Interviewing (MI) can be truly integrated with Carl Rogers' person-centered approach (PCA) to counselling. While the 'spirit' of MI has much in common with PCA, it is argued that the theory and practice of MI indicates several fundamental differences with PCA that distinguishes the ways that each perspective may contribute to rehabilitation counselling. These differences are discussed in relation to the unique aspects of their underlying assumptions, how they define clients' problems, and how they articulate the role of counsellor and successful outcome. Recent metaanalyses have indicated the beneficial aspects of both approaches. Empirical evidence for the efficacy of both MI and PCA is strong across a diverse range of client groups and health care settings. However, the highly variable effectiveness of both MI and PCA suggests that further process-outcome research is needed. Implications for rehabilitation counsellors are discussed. Keywords: Motivational interviewing, person-centered counsellingMotivational Interviewing (MI) has been defined by Miller and Rollnick (2002, 2009, 2012 as an evolution of Carl Rogers' Person-Centered Approach (PCA) to counselling. However, they argue that MI departs from PCA by being consciously goaloriented, by being intentionally directive and by selectively reinforcing the client's change talk. Despite these differences, commentators have often alluded to the debt that MI owes PCA (e.g., Britt, Blampied & Hudson, 2003;Csillik, 2013;Mason, 2009;Wagner & McMahon, 2004). Recent commentaries have also aligned the traditional rehabilitation counselling theme of self-determination with both MI (Page & Tchernitskaia, 2014;Wagner & McMahon, 2004) and PCA (Crisp, 2011).It is easy to conflate the "spirit" of MI (Miller & Rollnick, 2002, pp.34-5) with PCA since both approaches value collaboration, both aim to elicit the client's own intrinsic motivation for change, and they privilege the client's autonomy. They share a disdain for confrontation, a preference for drawing on the client's own resources rather than imparting knowledge, and avoid taking an authoritarian stance. But, can Address for correspondence: PO Box 1172, Croydon, VIC. 3136, Australia, E-mail: ross.crispsy@gmail.com While Miller and Rollnick (2002, 2009, 2012 acknowledge Rogers' (1961) emphasis on reflective listening, MI and PCA tend to diverge in several ways, not least in their notions of empathic understanding and reflective listening. In this article, I will contend that PCA is not easily integrated with MI because MI diverges significantly from PCA in both its non-directive and directive aspects. In Table 1, MI is summarised and compared with PCA in terms of theory, practice and evidence-based research. The issues listed in Table 1 serve as the framework for the discussion that follows. The aim of this article is to clarify the differences between MI and PCA and the implications for the practice of rehabilitation counselling.

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Empathy.

Cited by 444 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of biological explanations for mental disorders on clinicians’ empathy

Effects of biological explanations for mental disorders on clinicians’ empathy

Soft Prosody and Embodied Attunement in Therapeutic Interaction: A Multimethod Case Study of a Moment of Change

Can Motivational Interviewing be Truly Integrated with Person-centered Counselling?

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