Empathy, autistic traits, and motor resonance in adults with Turner syndrome

Lepage, Jean‐François; Lortie, Mélissa; Deal, Cheri; Théoret, Hugo

doi:10.1080/17470919.2014.944317

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…They also have social and emotional difficulties (Skuse, ; Burnett et al, ) as well as problems forming and maintaining relationships with peers (Hong et al, ). However, there are occasional contrary findings; for instance, Lepage and colleagues () did not find any difference between girls with Turner syndrome and healthy controls in terms of autistic or empathic traits.…”

Section: Behavior: Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention‐deficit/hypmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cognitive, behavioral, and neural consequences of sex chromosome aneuploidy

Printzlau

Wolstencroft

Skuse

2016

J of Neuroscience Research

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The X chromosome has played a critical role in the development of sexually selected characteristics for over 300 million years, and during that time it has accumulated a disproportionate number of genes concerned with mental functions. There are relatively specific effects of X-linked genes on social cognition, language, emotional regulation, visuospatial, and numerical skills. Many human X-linked genes outside the X-Y pairing pseudoautosomal regions escape X-inactivation. Dosage differences in the expression of such genes (which constitute at least 15% of the total) are likely to play an important role in male-female neural differentiation, and in cognitive deficits and behavioral characteristics, particularly in the realm of social communication, that are associated with sex chromosome aneuploidies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Behavior: Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention‐deficit/hypmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cognitive, behavioral, and neural consequences of sex chromosome aneuploidy

Printzlau

Wolstencroft

Skuse

2016

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…A importância desta distinção entre tipos de fenômenos empáticos se justifica pelas evidências de que diferentes estruturas corticais possam estar relacionadas a manifestação de cada uma delas 18 . Além disso, existem evidências de que neurônios espelho tenham um papel fundamental na vivência e expressão da empatia e anormalidades da capacidade empática tem sido relacionadas com certos aspectos clínicos de condições como esquizofrenia e autismo 19,20 .…”

Section: Ansiedade Socialunclassified

Supressão de ritmo mu durante exposição a estímulos associados a ansiedade social

Mello¹,

Ramos

2017

Rev. Med. (São Paulo)

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Mello AAF, Ramos RT. Supressão de ritmo mu durante exposição a estímulos associados a ansiedade social / Suppression of mu rhythm during exposure to social anxiety related stimuli. Rev Med (São Paulo). 2017 out.-dez.;96(4):254-63. RESUMO:O chamado ritmo mu em eletroencefalografia é um padrão de oscilação caracterizado pelo domínio de frequências na banda de 8-13 Hz e 15-25 Hz. A inibição deste padrão de atividade tem sido associada a atividade de neurônios espelho em áreas motoras e pré-motoras do córtex cerebral. Neurônios espelho, por sua vez, têm sido relacionados à capacidade empática, capacidade esta que pode estar alterada na ansiedade social. O projeto teve como objetivo comparar os padrões de atividade cortical em indivíduos com níveis altos e baixos de ansiedade social durante a observação de uma cena capaz de gerar ansiedade social filmada em duas situações: em terceira pessoa (quando a capacidade empática deve ser evocada) e em primeira pessoa (quando apenas possíveis sentimentos de ameaça a si próprio devem ser evocados). O estudo envolveu 70 voluntários normais selecionados e, a partir da aplicação da escala de Liebowitz para avaliar ansiedade social e da escala EMRI para avaliação da capacidade empática, foram selecionados 16 voluntários, sendo 8 com os maiores escores nestas escalas e 8 com as menores pontuações. A análise inicial do traçado eletroencefalográfico de todos os voluntários não identificou padrões de distribuição de potência de ritmos alpha em regiões fronto-parietais, que poderia sugerir um padrão de atividade associada ao ritmo mu característico de neurônios espelho. No entanto, foi identificada uma diferença significativa na comparação entre padrões de atividade associados a observação dos vídeos em primeira e terceira pessoa (p = 0.007). Esta diferença foi também relevante em regiões occipitais, o que poderia estar relacionado à estimulação visual inerente aos estímulos apresentados. Portanto, não foi possível estabelecer uma correlação clara entre os traços de ansiedade social e empatia com uma possível atividade de neurônios espelho (por meio da inibição do ritmo mu). O estudo, porém, evidenciou uma diferença estatística significativa entre os padrões de atividade cortical associados à observação de cenas em primeira e terceira pessoa, independente dos traços ansiosos. Deve-se observar que o estímulo visual utilizado pode ter sido excessivo, induzindo atividades corticais ligadas à atividade perceptiva visual independente do significado ou do contexto que se procurou transmitir ao observador. O avanço da investigação da hipótese explorada neste projeto demandará novos estudos eventualmente incluindo pacientes com níveis clinicamente relevantes de ansiedade social e a simplificação dos estímulos utilizados.Descritores: Eletroencefalografia; Neurônios-espelho; Ansiedade; Empatia. ABSTRACT:The so-called mu rhythm in electroencephalography is an oscillation pattern characterized by the frequency domain in the band 8-13 Hz and 15-25 Hz. Inhibition of this pattern of activity has bee...

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“…Further, they also have an increased risk of inattention and executive disabilities, as well as impairments in face-and emotion recognition, and direction of gaze and social adaptation (6,11,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). While some studies show an association between TS and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) (3,(22)(23)(24)(25) others found no increased incidence of ASD among individuals with TS (26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on psychiatric disorders among women with TS are scarce (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29), but physical stigma, lack of peers, social di culties, and low self-esteem might contribute to increased levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms thus placing females with TS at risk of developing psychiatric morbidity (9,(30)(31)(32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders in Females With Turner Syndrome: A Population-based Study

Avdic¹,

Butwicka

Nordenström

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Turner syndrome is the result of a missing X chromosome, partially or completely, in phenotypic girls. This can cause an array of medical and developmental difficulties. The intelligence quote has previously been described as uneven but considered within normal range. Although a social, intellectual and psychiatric profile is described in females with Turner syndrome, it is unclear to what extent they meet the clinical criteria for neurodevelopmental or psychiatric diagnoses. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in females with Turner syndrome. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed with a total of 1392 females with Turner syndrome identified through the Swedish National Patient Register and compared with 1:100 age- and sex matched controls from the general population. The association between Turner syndrome and diagnoses of neurodevelopmental and/ or psychiatric disorders were calculated using conditional logistic regression and is presented as estimated risk (Odds ratio, OR, 95% Confidence interval, CI) in females with Turner syndrome compared with matched controls. Results: Females with Turner syndrome had higher risk of any neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disorder (OR 1.37, 95% Cl 1.20-1.57), an eightfold (OR 8.59, 95% CI 6.58-11.20) increased risk of intellectual disability and a fourfold (OR 4.26, 95% CI 2.94-6.18) increased risk of autism spectrum disorder compared with the controls. In addition, females with Turner syndrome had an increased risk of a diagnosis of psychotic disorders (OR 1.98, 95% Cl 1.36-2.88), eating disorders (OR 2.03, 95% Cl 1.42-2.91) and behavioral disorders (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.35-2.99). Conclusions: Females with TS have an increased risk of being diagnosed with any neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorder. This warrants extensive assessment of intellectual and cognitive functions from early ages and increased psychiatric vigilance should be a part of lifelong healthcare for females with TS.

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Empathy, autistic traits, and motor resonance in adults with Turner syndrome

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Cognitive, behavioral, and neural consequences of sex chromosome aneuploidy

Cognitive, behavioral, and neural consequences of sex chromosome aneuploidy

Supressão de ritmo mu durante exposição a estímulos associados a ansiedade social

Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders in Females With Turner Syndrome: A Population-based Study

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