Empathy at work: The role of age and emotional job demands.

Abstract

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Introduction to the special issue on prosociality in adult development and aging: Advancing theory within a multilevel framework.

“…At the same time, however, empathy and agreeableness are typically greater among older women than older men (O'Brien et al, 2013). Although Wieck et al (2021) did not find any influence of gender on empathy, they did, however, find that being female was associated with reporting higher emotional job demands. Similarly, Chi et al (2021) found that women across the age range were more likely than men to provide unpaid assistance and emotional support.…”

“…They note that retirement is a life stage, separable from the aging process, that allows for new motivational goals. Interestingly, they found that while increases in life satisfaction at retirement may lead to volunteering, (too much) volunteering may lead to decreases in life satisfaction (see Wieck et al's (2021) discussion of possible links between empathy and burnout in emotionally demanding jobs). This study highlights the complexity of the influence of retirement on prosociality in cutting across the levels in the Penner et al framework (Fasbender et al, 2018).…”

Preprint Perceived Characteristics of Life Events - Short-Term Changes in Prosociality and Empathy?

“…In term of empathic concern and perspective taking, empathy increases during young adulthood (O'Brien et al, 2013;Oh et al, 2020) and similarly to prosociality, there is a peak in mid-adulthood with a very slow decline afterwards (O'Brien et al, 2013). Regarding feelings of sympathy, older adults score higher than younger adults, but in emotion recognition, it is the other way around (Wieck et al, 2021). Furthermore, women tend to show more empathic concern than men (O'Brien et al, 2013, Oh et al, 2020, Sze et al, 2012Wieck et al, 2021).…”

“…Regarding feelings of sympathy, older adults score higher than younger adults, but in emotion recognition, it is the other way around (Wieck et al, 2021). Furthermore, women tend to show more empathic concern than men (O'Brien et al, 2013, Oh et al, 2020, Sze et al, 2012Wieck et al, 2021). Thus, gender and age should be controlled for when analysing empathy.…”

How to show empathy as a coach: The effects of coaches’ imagine-self versus imagine-other empathy on the client’s self-change and coaching outcome

“…Empathy can be seen as "multiple distinct but related processes through which people respond to others' emotions" (Zaki, 2017). Even though many definitions exist, recent research agrees on the division of empathy into at least two components: cognitive empathy and emotional empathy (Cuff et al, 2016;Davis, 1983Davis, , 2018Lamm et al, 2007;Wieck et al, 2021;Zaki, 2017). Whereas cognitive empathy comprises operations that help take another person's perspective and thus understand the other's emotions, emotional empathy is characterized by feeling and experiencing emotions triggered by perceiving the other person's emotions (Cuff et al, 2016).…”