Empathic accuracy in the interactions of male friends versus male strangers.

Stinson, Linda; Ickes, William

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.62.5.787

Cited by 285 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…For instance, research on the effects of situational factors on gaze behavior has found that the visual complexity of task-relevant objects such as a map and the environment have a significant effect on the gaze behaviors of the participants ( 1976). Similarly, social factors such as the degree of closeness among parties in interaction (for example, whether the participants are friends or strangers) affect how the parties employ embodied cues such as gaze, gestures, smiling, proximity, and verbal cues and their social outcomes (Stinson and Ickes 1992). Studies of embodied interaction between humans and robots to date have considered such contextual factors only minimally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Embodied Cues for Dialogue with Robots

Mutlu

2011

AI Magazine

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ArticlesWINTER 2011 17 O ne of the most promising concepts that emerged in the last two decades of computer science research is embodied interaction -representing computational intelligence in and offering interaction through physical or simulated ''bodies." Such representations vary from physical artifacts (such as tangible interfaces) to biological forms (such as humanlike agents and robots) and offer templates for understanding and interacting with complex computational systems (Ullmer and Ishii 2000, Cassell 2001, Breazeal 2003. Physically embodied humanlike attributes provide particularly rich representations with which people are intimately familiar, and systems that draw on these representations promise significant social and task outcomes in key application domains from education (Kanda et al. 2004) to collaboration (Bluethmann et al. 2003) to rehabilitation (Dautenhahn and Werry 2004).Embodied interaction offers not only a familiar template for making sense of and interacting with computational systems but also an opportunity to achieve the most effective forms of human interaction for achieving positive social and task outcomes in such domains. How do the most effective teachers improve student learning? How do the most effective speakers capture their audiences? How do the most effective personal coaches motivate people to achieve their goals? Research in human communication has shown that brief observations of the bodily, facial, speech, and vocal cues that people display predict these outcomes (Ambady and Rosenthal 1992). Seemingly subtle differences in such cues of interaction partners shape outcomes such as perceptions of their attitudes (Mehrabian 1967), the persuasiveness of their messages (Segrin 1993), and their performance in collaborative work (Burgoon et al. 2002).This tight coupling between communicative cues and key social, cognitive, and task outcomes opens up a space for designing effective interactions for robots to elicit particular positive

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Embodied Cues for Dialogue with Robots

Mutlu

2011

AI Magazine

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“…Colvin, Vogt, and Ickes (1997) review much of this work. However, Stinson and Ickes (1992) provide the most direct empirical support of this connection. By using their procedure of videotaping unstructured interactions (see Ickes et al, 1990), they found that male friends were more accurate in reading each other's thoughts and feelings than male strangers.…”

Section: Decipherabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Perspective on Perspective Taking: A Multidimensional Approach to Conceptualizing an Aptitude

Gehlbach

2004

Educational Psychology Review

105

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Social perspective taking (SPT) is thought to be important in its own right and is often associated with other important skills, such as interpersonal conflict resolution.Thus, it is critical for researchers to systematically understand SPT and how it relates to other valued educational outcomes. In particular, a complete understanding of SPT might assist educational psychologists to apply this knowledge in school settings to improve the effectiveness of students' social interactions. Previous research on SPT, however, has conceptualized it as a unidimensional construct leaving scholars with an insufficient understanding of this aptitude. To best understand SPT, a multidimensional approach should include assessments of personal characteristics (including the propensity and the ability to engage in SPT) and features of the situation (including features of the SPT task and the larger context). Using Snow's conceptualization of aptitudes as a framework, this article illustrates the problems with treating SPT as a unidimensional construct, defines SPT as a complex aptitude, and provides a taxonomy to develop our understanding of SPT and to guide future research in this area. The taxonomy organizes and reviews the existing literature that relates personal and situational characteristics to SPT aptitude. Where research has not yet been conducted, this article hypothesizes how these characteristics will relate to SPT aptitude.

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“…According to Stinson and Ickes (1992), friends (and partners) develop shared knowledge structures during their relationship history that should facilitate their mutual understanding of each other's thoughts and feelings. Using the experimental paradigm discussed above, they showed that friends in particular were more accurate than strangers when they inferred each other's thoughts and feelings about events that had occurred at another place or at another time.…”

Section: Where Might Accuracy In Judging An Absent Partner's Feelingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How is My Partner Feeling in Different Daily-Life Settings? Accuracy of Spouses' Judgements about Their Partner's Feelings at Work and at Home

Wilhelm

Perrez

2004

Social Indicators Research

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ABSTRACT. How accurately do spouses know their partner's feelings when the partner is not physically present, but in a specific setting (at work, or at home)? This question addresses a special kind of empathic inference that relies mainly on content knowledge and projection rather than perception. We answered this question using a computer assisted diary approach. A total of 190 husbands and wives out of 95 couples simultaneously recorded how they were feeling and what they thought their partner was feeling, six times each day during an ordinary week.They also recorded where they were, who they were with, and where they thought their partner was. This enabled us to assess measures of accuracy and assumed similarity under natural conditions in spouses' daily lives. Results showed that the spouses' judgements of the absent partner's feelings relied on their own feelings (assumed similarity). Despite this they were often quite accurate, even when assumed similarity was controlled. In general, our findings indicate that spouses have a basic knowledge about their partner's feelings when they are apart. However, the specific situation, the items being judged, and the gender of the spouses also need to be taken into account.

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Empathic accuracy in the interactions of male friends versus male strangers.

Cited by 285 publications

References 43 publications

Designing Embodied Cues for Dialogue with Robots

Designing Embodied Cues for Dialogue with Robots

A New Perspective on Perspective Taking: A Multidimensional Approach to Conceptualizing an Aptitude

How is My Partner Feeling in Different Daily-Life Settings? Accuracy of Spouses' Judgements about Their Partner's Feelings at Work and at Home

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