“…In order to model these phenomena, one has to, first, ensure propagation of an EMP in the form of a transverse TEM mode and, second, create a partially ionized medium with controlled parameters along the path of EMP propagation. The first successful attempts to experimentally study transformations of the EMP waveform during EMP propagation in plasma were made in the USA in the 1970s using pulses, which had durations of about 1 ns, and pulse rise fronts of about 250 ps [18,19]. Within the framework of these studies, the concept of a double plasma-filled transmitting line, which maintained propagation of an EMP in the form of a TEM mode, was realized for the first time.…”