Emotions and BIS/BAS components affect brain activity (ERPs and fNIRS) in observing intra-species and inter-species interactions

Balconi, Michela; Vanutelli, Maria Elide

doi:10.1007/s11682-015-9443-z

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…On the one hand, brain oscillations may be considered as a valid measure of brain activation, as they have often been applied to describe distinct responsiveness by the two hemispheres to different emotional and social conditions (Balconi, Falbo, & Conte, ; Balconi & Mazza, ; Balconi & Vanutelli, ; Sutton & Davidson, ). Indeed, EEG modulation was used to demonstrate the lateralized PFC responsiveness related to emotional processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperate or not cooperate EEG, autonomic, and behavioral correlates of ineffective joint strategies

2018

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IntroductionThe neural activity in response to ineffective joint actions was explored in the present study. Subjects involved in a cooperative but frustrating task (poor performance as manipulated by an external feedback) were required to cooperate (T1) during an attentional task in a way to synchronize their responses and obtain better outcomes.MethodsWe manipulated their strategies by providing false feedbacks (T2) signaling the incapacity to create a synergy, which was reinforced by a general negative evaluation halfway through the game. A control condition was provided (no cooperation required, T0) as well as a check for possible learning effect (time series analysis). The effects of the feedback in modulating subjects' behavioral performance and electrocortical activity were explored by means of brain oscillations (delta, theta, alpha, beta) and autonomic activity (heart rate, HR; skin conductance activity, SCR).ResultsResults showed a specific pattern of behavioral, neural, and peripheral responses after the social feedback. In fact, within this condition, worse behavioral outcomes emerged, with longer response times with respect to the prefeedback one. In parallel, a specific right‐lateralized effect was observed over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), with increased delta and theta power compared to the previous condition. Moreover, increased SCR was observed with respect to the first part.ConclusionsTwo interpretations are put forward to explain the present findings: 1) the contribution of negative emotions in response to failing interactions or 2) a motivational disengagement toward goal‐oriented cooperation elicited by frustrating evaluations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperate or not cooperate EEG, autonomic, and behavioral correlates of ineffective joint strategies

2018

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“…Indeed, firstly the modulation of EEG brain oscillations was considered as a valid measure of brain activation, and it has often been applied to describe distinct responsiveness by the two hemispheres to different emotional and social conditions ( Sutton and Davidson, 1997 ; Balconi and Mazza, 2009 ; Balconi et al, 2012 ; Balconi and Vanutelli, 2015 ). In fact a reduction of alpha power (increased cortical activity) in the left frontal brain was found in response to approach attitude ( Balconi and Mazza, 2010 ; Balconi et al, 2011 ), whereas withdrawal conditions induced reduction in alpha power in the right frontal brain ( Davidson, 1992 , 2004 ; Harmon-Jones, 2004 ; Balconi et al, 2009a , b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition in the Brain. The Contribution of EEG and fNIRS Modulation and Personality Effects in Social Ranking

Balconi

Vanutelli

2016

Front. Psychol.

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In the present study, the social ranking perception in competition was explored. Brain response (alpha band oscillations, EEG; hemodynamic activity, O2Hb), as well as self-perception of social ranking, cognitive performance, and personality trait (Behavioral Activation System, BAS) were considered during a competitive joint-action. Subjects were required to develop a strategy to obtain a better outcome than a competitor (C) (in term of error rate, and response time, RT). A pre-feedback (without a specific feedback on the performance) and a post-feedback condition (which reinforced the improved performance) were provided. It was found that higher-BAS participants responded in greater measure to perceived higher cognitive performance (post-feedback condition), with increased left prefrontal activity, higher ranking perception, and a better real performance (reduced RTs). These results were explained in term of increased sense of self-efficacy and social position, probably based on higher-BAS sensitivity to reinforcing conditions. In addition, the hemispheric effect in favor of the left side characterized the competitive behavior, showing an imbalance for high-BAS in comparison to low-BAS in the case of a rewarding (post-feedback) context. Therefore, the present results confirmed the significance of BAS in modulating brain responsiveness, self-perceived social position, and real performance during an interpersonal competitive action which is considered highly relevant for social status.

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“…These findings about approach and avoidance motivation during depression may be related with two primary motivational systems: the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the behavioral activation system (BAS). The BIS refers to inhibit ongoing behavior while processing cues of punishment or non-reward and the BAS responds to reward or active avoidance of punishment (Davidson, 1992 ; Harmon-Jones and Allen, 1997 ; Balconi and Vanutelli, 2015 ). Previous studies have mentioned that depression is related with an underactive BAS and overactive BIS (Hundt et al, 2007 ), which may contribute to the anhedonic symptoms (reduced response to reward) and increased avoidance motivation (inhibited behavior to punishment), respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Pain Sensation Eliminates the Inhibitory Effect of Depression on Evoked Pain in Rats

Wang

Lin

et al. 2016

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Although previous studies have suggested that depression may be associated with inhibition of evoked pain but facilitation of spontaneous pain, the mechanisms underlying these relationships are unclear. The present study investigated whether the difference between evoked and spontaneous pain on sensory (descending inhibition) and affective (avoidance motivation) components contributes to the divergent effects of depression on them. Depressive-like behavior was produced in male Wistar rats by unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). Tone-laser conditioning and formalin-induced conditioned place avoidance (F-CPA) were used to explore avoidance motivation in evoked and spontaneous pain, respectively. Behavioral pharmacology experiments were conducted to examine descending inhibition of both evoked (thermal stimulation) and spontaneous pain behavior (formalin pain). The results revealed that the inhibitory effect of depression on evoked pain was eliminated following repeated thermal stimuli. Avoidance behavior in the tone-laser conditioning task was reduced in UCMS rats, relative to controls. However, avoidance motivation for formalin pain in the UCMS group was similar to controls. 5-HT1A receptor antagonism interfered with inhibition of pain responses over time. The present study demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of depression on evoked pain dissipates with increased nociception and that the sensory-discriminative and affective-motivational components of pain are jointly involved in the divergent effects of depression on pain.

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Emotions and BIS/BAS components affect brain activity (ERPs and fNIRS) in observing intra-species and inter-species interactions

Cited by 19 publications

References 64 publications

Cooperate or not cooperate EEG, autonomic, and behavioral correlates of ineffective joint strategies

Cooperate or not cooperate EEG, autonomic, and behavioral correlates of ineffective joint strategies

Competition in the Brain. The Contribution of EEG and fNIRS Modulation and Personality Effects in Social Ranking

Increasing Pain Sensation Eliminates the Inhibitory Effect of Depression on Evoked Pain in Rats

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