Emotionality of Loss-Related Memories Is Reduced After Recall Plus Eye Movements But Not After Recall Plus Music or Recall Only

Hornsveld, Hellen; Landwehr, F. J.; Stein, Willeke; Stomp, Margaretha P. H.; Smeets, Monique A. M.; Hout, Marcel A. van den

doi:10.1891/1933-3196.4.3.106

Cited by 24 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This competition within the working memory results in less memory resources for the vividness and the disturbance or emotionality of the memory (e.g. Andrade & Baddeley, 1997;Gunter & Bodner, 2008;Hornsveld, Landwehr, Stein, Stomp, Smeets, & van den Hout, 2010). Consistent with hypotheses from a working memory theory, memories have been found to not only becoming less disturbing, and less vivid, during execution of an eye movements task (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders

Jongh

Ernst

Marqués

et al. 2013

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders de Jongh, A.; Ernst, R.; Marques, L.; Hornsveld, H. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Download date: 12 May 2018The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders Method: This study was aimed at investigating (1) the effects of taxing the working memory, as applied in EMDR, during recall of negative memories in 32 patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and 32 patients with other mental disorders, and (2) whether the results would differ between both groups. In a therapeutic session patients were asked to recollect a crucial upsetting memory while, in counterbalanced order (a) performing eye movements, (b) listening to tones and (c) watching a blank wall ('recall only'), each episode lasting six minutes.Results: Eye movements were found to be more effective in diminishing the emotionality of the memory than 'recall only'. There was a trend showing that tones were less effective than eye movements, but more effective than 'recall only'. The majority of patients (64%) preferred tones to continue with. The effects of taxing working memory on disturbing memories did not differ between PTSD patients and those diagnosed with other conditions. Conclusions:The findings provide further evidence for the value of employing eye movements in EMDR treatments. The results also support the notion that EMDR is a suitable option for resolving disturbing memories underlying a broader range of mental health problems than PTSD alone.3

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders

Jongh

Ernst

Marqués

et al. 2013

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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“…Finally, after recall þ EM and recall only, participants are asked to recall the memories again, and to rate vividness and emotionality once more. Studies have shown that recall þ EM reduces vividness and emotionality, but recall only does not (Andrade, Kavanagh, & Baddeley, 1997;van den Hout, Muris, Salemink, & Kindt, 2001;Kavanagh, Freese, Andrade, & May, 2001;Barrowcliff, Gray, Freeman, & MacCulloch, 2004;Kemps & Tiggemann, 2007;Maxfield, Melnyk, & Hayman, 2008;Gunter & Bodner, 2008). Apparently, the EM component of EMDR can be modeled under laboratory conditions, opening the door for the experimental dissection of the psychological mechanisms responsible for the treatment's therapeutic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EMDR and mindfulness. Eye movements and attentional breathing tax working memory and reduce vividness and emotionality of aversive ideation

Hout

Engelhard

Beetsma

et al. 2011

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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“…In a non-randomized controlled study, Sprang (2001) found that an EMDR group required significantly fewer sessions compared to the control condition of ‘guided mourning’ to achieve the same symptom reduction. In another study, participants who reported distressing memories following the death of a loved one (Hornsveld et al, 2010) had greater decline in emotionality of a grief-related memory following a recall plus eye movements condition compared to recall-only or recall with music condition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Participant experiences of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing vs. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for grief: similarities and differences

Cotter

Meysner

Lee

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background and Objective: Previous research has used quantitative methods to assess the impact of grief therapy. However, rarely have participants been asked about how they have been affected by treatment using qualitative methods. This study sought to explore participants’ experiences of two therapeutic approaches to grief: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR). Method: Nineteen participants were randomly allocated to receive seven weekly therapy sessions of either CBT or EMDR. Approximately two weeks after completing therapy, a semi-structured interview was conducted with each participant. Interviews were transcribed and a thematic analysis was performed. Results: Participant reports common to both therapies included developments in insight, a positive shift in emotions, increased activity, improved self-confidence and a healthier mental relationship to the deceased. Participants also responded by describing experiences that were unique to each therapy. Those who completed CBT described the acquisition of emotion regulation tools and shifting from being in an ongoing state of grief to feeling that they were at a new stage in their lives. Participants who completed EMDR reported that distressing memories were less clear and felt more distant from such memories following treatment. Conclusions: Although both therapies resulted in some similar changes for participants, there were unique experiences associated with each therapy. These findings are discussed in terms of implications for the underlying key processes of each therapy and the processes of recovery in grief.

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Emotionality of Loss-Related Memories Is Reduced After Recall Plus Eye Movements But Not After Recall Plus Music or Recall Only

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders

The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders

EMDR and mindfulness. Eye movements and attentional breathing tax working memory and reduce vividness and emotionality of aversive ideation

Participant experiences of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing vs. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for grief: similarities and differences

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