Emotional Stimuli, Divided Attention, and Memory.

Kern, Rosalie P.; Libkuman, Terry M.; Otani, Hajime; Holmes, Katherine

doi:10.1037/1528-3542.5.4.408

Cited by 102 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…This could possibly occur due to a form of the Pollyanna Principle where unconscious biases toward the positive may allow short-term reductions in retrieval due to alexithymia to be mitigated after longer retention intervals. Finally, it should be noted that emotionally enhanced memory in the general population is more typically seen with negative stimuli than with positive stimuli (e.g., Kern, Libkuman, Otani, & Holmes, 2005), such that some have concluded that negative emotion is stronger than positive emotion in multiple domains (Rozin & Royzman, 2001). As such, it is very possible that positive stimuli are simply less likely than negative stimuli to interact with alexithymia to alter memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory for emotionally provocative words in alexithymia: A role for stimulus relevance

Meltzer

Nielson

2010

Consciousness and Cognition

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Eighty-five high or low alexithymia participants viewed and rated arousing illness-related (''pain"), emotionally positive (''thrill"), negative (''hatred"), and neutral words (''horse"). Recall was assessed 45 min later.High alexithymia participants recalled significantly fewer negative emotion words but also more illness-related words than low alexithymia participants. The results suggest that personal relevance can shape cognitive processing of stimuli, even to enhance retention of a subclass of stimuli whose retention is generally impaired in alexithymia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory for emotionally provocative words in alexithymia: A role for stimulus relevance

Meltzer

Nielson

2010

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…A retenção de informações centrais da fase 2, no entanto, foi significativamente maior do que para a fase 1, o que também torna os dados consistentes com a literatura, visto que há um aumento do índice de recordação para informações centrais associadas com uma situação emocionalmente carregada (Kern, Libkuman, Otani & Holmes, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Adaptação de um método de investigação do impacto da emoção na memória

2008

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ResumoO presente estudo apresenta uma adaptação dos instrumentos e procedimentos elaborados por Cahill, Prins, Weber e McGaugh para a avaliação dos efeitos da emoção nas distorções da memória. O material visa oferecer à comunidade científica lusófona um instrumento valioso para investigação da memória e, a partir dessa adaptação, das falsas memórias. O experimento teve por finalidade testar a validade desta adaptação para a realidade brasileira, bem como a eficiência da avaliação das falsas memórias. A amostra foi composta por 138 estudantes universitários de diversos cursos de graduação e instituições de ensino superior particulares. O procedimento adaptado contém 11 slides, cujas imagens são condizentes com a realidade brasileira, e um teste auto-administrado de memória de reconhecimento. Os resultados sugerem uma adequação da adaptação dos instrumentos e procedimentos, encontrando um efeito potencializador da emoção sobre as memórias verdadeiras, principalmente para participantes do sexo masculino. Considerando os resultados obtidos, o procedimento adaptado é efetivo para medir o efeito da emoção na memória e suas distorções, e a emoção parece inocular a memória contra os efeitos da falsificação. Palavras-chave: Memória; Emoção; Falsas memórias; Histórias. Adaptation of a method for studying the effect of emotion on memory AbstractThis study presents an adaptation of Cahill, Prins, Weber and McGaugh's instruments and procedures on the assessment of the effect of emotion on memory distortions. The study main purpose was to provide the lusophone scientific community with a valuable instrument for the study of memory and false memories. To test if the new version of the target materials (slides and narratives) and memory test were adequate to assess both true and false memories. The experiment was conducted with 138 college students from several private universities. The procedure consisted of eleven slides adapted to the Brazilian reality and a yes-no recognition memory test. The results suggested that both instruments and procedures were properly adapted. In addition, emotion tended to increase male participants true memory scores. The instrument was effective to measure the effect of emotion on memory distortions, and emotion seams to inoculate memory from distortions.

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“…Indeed, Talmi et al (2007; see also Clark-Foos & Marsh, 2008;Kern, Libkuman, Otani, & Holmes, 2005) reported a study in which participants studied positive, neutral, and negative pictures under full or divided attention during encoding (i.e., a tone discrimination task). Although recall results revealed EEM under both full and divided attention for positive and negative pictures, there was a significant cost to memory performance for positive but not for negative stimuli when the stimuli were encoded under divided attention.…”

Section: Divided Attention During Encoding Of Emotional Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of attention in the associative binding of emotionally arousing words

et al. 2012

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In the present study, we examined the role of attention in modulating the memory benefit of emotional arousal for same-valence word pair associations. To assess the role of attention either at encoding or at retrieval, participants studied lists of positive, neutral, and negative words pairs under full attention, divided attention at encoding, or divided attention at retrieval, and then were tested on the single words and on the associations between words. Consistent with past studies, memory accuracy was higher for emotional items than for neutral items, and no memory difference was observed across emotional arousal conditions for associations when encoding occurred under full attention. In contrast, memory accuracy was higher for emotionally arousing items and associations relative to neutral items when encoding occurred under divided attention. Finally, dividing attention at retrieval revealed similar effects across emotion conditions, suggesting that retrieval of emotional stimuli relative to neutral stimuli, unlike encoding, does not benefit from automatic processing. The discussion emphasizes the role of automatic processing during encoding in producing the benefit of emotionally enhanced memory, as well as the extent to which controlled attention is responsible for eliminating or reversing (relative to neutral materials) emotionally enhanced memory for associations. Additionally, the implications of the divided-attention-at-retrieval manipulation include consideration of the way in which emotional items may be consciously processed during encoding.

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Emotional Stimuli, Divided Attention, and Memory.

Cited by 102 publications

References 64 publications

Memory for emotionally provocative words in alexithymia: A role for stimulus relevance

Memory for emotionally provocative words in alexithymia: A role for stimulus relevance

Adaptação de um método de investigação do impacto da emoção na memória

The role of attention in the associative binding of emotionally arousing words

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