Emotional Regulation Impairments Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An Investigation of the Body and Facial Feedback Effects

Abstract

The object of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of body and facial feedback in adults who had suffered from a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) to gain some understanding of their difficulties in the regulation of negative emotions. Twenty-four participants with TBI and 28 control participants adopted facial expressions and body postures according to specific instructions and maintained these positions for 10 s. Expressions and postures entailed anger, sadness, and happiness as well as a neutral (baseline) condition. After each expression/posture manipulation, participants evaluated their subjective emotional state (including cheerfulness, sadness, and irritation). TBI participants were globally less responsive to the effects of body and facial feedback than control participants, F(1,50) = 5.89, p = .02, η(2) = .11. More interestingly, the TBI group differed from the Control group across emotions, F(8,400) = 2.51, p = .01, η(2) = .05. Specifically, participants with TBI were responsive to happy but not to negative expression/posture manipulations whereas control participants were responsive to happy, angry, and sad expression/posture manipulations. In conclusion, TBI appears to impair the ability to recognize both the physical configuration of a negative emotion and its associated subjective feeling.

Ostracism and physiological arousal following traumatic brain injury

“…Of particular relevance to the current study is the finding that people with severe TBI reported less emotional pain than a healthy control group after having been ostracised during Cyberball [12], an internet-based social exclusion paradigm [13]. This attenuated subjective response to socially salient stimuli is interesting because it is consistent with other experimental works in which people with TBI have reported muted emotional experiences in general [14] and in response to postural manipulations [15]. They have also reported being less aroused by distressing images than demographically matched control participants [16,17].…”

Peer Review #2 of "First occurrence of the enigmatic peccaries Mylohyus elmorei and Prosthennops serus from the Appalachians: latest Hemphillian to Early Blancan of Gray Fossil Site, Tennessee (v0.1)"

“…Mylohyus fossilis in particular is prevalent through the Blancan to Rancholabrean of the central and southeastern regions of North America (Kinsey, 1974;Kurten & Anderson, 1980;Wright, 1991Wright, , 1998. Alternatively, another Hemphillian species within the genus, M. longirostris, is reported from the John Day region based on a single rami and fragmentary cranial material (Thorpe, 1924;Wright, 1991Wright, , 1998. Wright (1998) Manuscript to be reviewed affiliated to M. longirostris; however, only the locality is designated.…”

“…Prosthennops serus is identified within the Mauville Fauna of southern Alabama (Hulbert and Whitemore, 2006) and the Tyner Farm locality of northern Florida (Hulbert et al 2009a). Protherohyus brachydontus (=Catagonus brachydontus), despite being widespread in the western US and Mexico, is currently only recognized in the Palmetto Fauna (Wright 1989(Wright , 1991(Wright , 1998 and the Pipe Creek…”

“…Fort Green Mine, Palmetto Mine, Payne Creek, Saddle Creek Mine, and South Pierce quarries) within the Central Florida Phosphate District of Polk, Hillsborough, Manatee, and Hardee counties ( Fig. 1) (Wright & Webb, 1984;Wright, 1989;Hulbert, 2001;Webb et al, 2008). Outside of the Palmetto Fauna, the eastern record is represented by the Pipe Creek paleosinkhole of Indiana (Hh4) (Farlow et al, 2001;Prothero & Sheets, 2013), the Mauville local fauna of Alabama (Hh2) (Hulbert & Whitmore, 2006), and the Tyner Farm locality of Florida (late Hh1 to early Hh2) (Hulbert & Whitmore, 2006;Hulbert et al, 2009a).…”

Exploration of a new tool for assessing emotional inferencing after traumatic brain injury

“…In reviewing the item difficulty analysis, it seems that for all but one of the stories targeting happy, participants could easily infer what the character in that story was feeling. Some literature suggests that this may be because the identification of happy remains relatively intact following TBI 15,17,[46][47][48][49][50][51] . However, one recent study has reported that people with TBI who have impaired affect recognition are also impaired for their recognition of happy 39 .…”