Emotional processing in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Casado, Yolanda Cabrera; Cobos, Pedro L.; Godoy, Antonio; Machado-Pinheiro, Walter; Vila, Jaime

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.07.003

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…From a neurobiological perspective, BD mostly showed hypoactivity in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (i e, decision making, impulse control) and in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (i e, planning, attentional set shifting) with grey matter volume reduction associated to manic episodes (40), while OCD mainly presented hyperactivity of OFC with deficit in emotional processing (41). The overlap of similar cortical-subcortical circuits may partially explain the clinical features of patients with comorbid BD-OCD during the course of illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bipolar I and II Disorders; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Differences in Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Amerio

Stubbs

Odone

et al. 2016

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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ContextMore than half of the bipolar disorder (BD) cases have an additional diagnosis; one of the most difficult to manage is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Although some authors recently investigated the co-occurrence of anxiety and BD, the topic remains insufficiently studied. The current study aimed to investigate differences in comorbid OCD between BD-I and BD-II.Evidence AcquisitionA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on the prevalence and predictors of comorbid BD-I/BD-II and OCD. Relevant papers published until June 30, 2015 were identified searching the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library.ResultsFourteen articles met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of BD-I in OCD was 3.9% (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.4 to 6.4, I2 = 83%, Q = 56) while that of BD-II in OCD was 13.5% (95% CI, 9.3 to 19.3, I2 = 89%, Q = 91). The pooled prevalence of OCD in BD-I was 21.7 (95% CI, 4.8 to 60.3, I2 = 84%, Q = 95). With regard to OCD-BD predictors, mean age and rate of males did not predict the prevalence of BD-I (β = 0.0731, 95% CI, -0.1097 to 0.256, z = 0.78; β = 0.035, 95% CI, -0.2356 to 0.1656, z = 0.34) and BD-II (β = 0.0577, 95% CI, -0.1942 to 0.0788, z = 0.83; β = -0.0317, 95% CI, -0.1483 to 0.085, z = 0.53) in OCD. The mean age explained some of the observed heterogeneity (R2 = 0.13; R2 = 0.08).ConclusionsThis first systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and predictors of comorbid BD-I/BD-II and OCD suggests that BD-OCD comorbidity is a common condition in psychiatry. However, the available evidence does not allow to assess whether BD-I or BD-II are more common in patients with OCD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bipolar I and II Disorders; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Differences in Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Amerio

Stubbs

Odone

et al. 2016

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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“…15,16 Specifically, hypoactivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex appears to be primarily involved in schizophrenia, affecting working memory, [17][18][19] whereas hyper-activity of the orbitofrontal cortex appears to be predominantly implicated in OCD, 20,21 with a defect in emotional processing. 22 On the one hand, the significant overlap in the implicated structures may explain the frequent co-occurrence of OC and schizophrenia symptoms; on the other, the specific patterns of prefrontal cortical impairment in schizophrenia and OCD may explain the narrower range of obsessional themes in schizo-obsessive patients than in patients with "pure" OCD. In fact, as OC symptom dimensions are mediated by distinct and highly conserved neural systems within the fronto-striato-thalamic loops, 23 the more restricted range of obsessive contents found in patients with schizophrenia in this study may suggest that, unlike in pure OCD, some neural systems are preferentially involved in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Schizophrenia and in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Tonna

Ottoni

Paglia

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychiatric Practice

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“…However, the existence of abnormalities in OCD patients' processing of standardized stimuli (valence, arousal, and dominance) was recently shown in a study by Casado et al (2011), in which patients with OCD were asked to assess, using Lang's dimensional model of emotions, the valence, arousal, and dominance levels of 60 IAPS pictures (pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant) and 100 emotional pictures associated with obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Patients with OCD were found to rate the pleasant IAPS images as less pleasant when compared with controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain activation of the defensive and appetitive survival systems in obsessive compulsive disorder

Gonçalves

Soares

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Several studies have shown that basic emotions are responsible for a significant enhancement of early visual processes and increased activation in visual processing brain regions. It may be possible that the cognitive uncertainty and repeated behavioral checking evident in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is due to the existence of abnormalities in basic survival circuits, particularly those associated with the visual processing of the physical characteristics of emotional-laden stimuli. The objective of the present study was to test if patients with OCD show evidence of altered basic survival circuits, particularly those associated with the visual processing of the physical characteristics of emotional stimuli. Fifteen patients with OCD and 12 healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging acquisition while being exposed to emotional pictures, with different levels of arousal, intended to trigger the defensive and appetitive basic survival circuits. Overall, the present results seem to indicate dissociation in the activity of the defense and appetitive survival systems in OCD. Results suggest that the clinical group reacts to basic threat with a strong activation of the defensive system mobilizing widespread brain networks (i.e., frontal, temporal, occipital-parietal, and subcortical nucleus) and blocking the activation of the appetitive system when facing positive emotional triggers from the initial stages of visual processing (i.e., superior occipital gyrus).

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Emotional processing in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Bipolar I and II Disorders; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Differences in Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Bipolar I and II Disorders; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Differences in Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Schizophrenia and in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Brain activation of the defensive and appetitive survival systems in obsessive compulsive disorder

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