Emotional processing and psychopathic traits in male college students: An event-related potential study

Medina, Amy; Kirilko, Elvira; Grose-Fifer, Jillian

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.06.004

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…For example, Strauss and colleagues (2018) found diminished LLP amplitudes in individuals who are at ultra high-risk for psychosis. A similar finding has also been reported for individuals at risk for depression (Kayser et al, 2017) and those with psychopathic traits (Medina et al, 2016). Additionally, individuals with major depression (Foti et al, 2010) or non-psychotic bipolar I disorder during an episode of mania (Ryu et al, 2010) show reductions in these later ERP components in response to unpleasant stimuli.…”

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confidence: 80%

Late electrophysiological potentials and emotion in schizophrenia: A meta-analytic review

Castro

Bailey

Zinger

et al. 2019

Schizophrenia Research

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OF THE THESIS vii APPENDIX A: PRISMA Checklist and Risk of Bias Assessment 33 APPENDIX B: Funnel Plots for All Included Studies 37 APPENDIX C: Moderator Information and Analyses 38vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express the deepest appreciation to my committee chair, Professor Elizabeth A. Martin, who has supported and guided me through the completion of this project. Without her steadfast and continued encouragement, this thesis would not have been possible. Introduction:There is mixed evidence about emotional processing abnormalities in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, with trait self-reports and clinician ratings indicating significant differences between patients and controls, but studies of in-the-moment, self-reported emotional experience finding only small differences between these groups. The current metaanalysis synthesizes statistics from studies measuring the P3 and LPP, two event-related potential (ERP) components sensitive to attentional allocation, to examine whether patients exhibit ERP response abnormalities to neutral and valenced visual stimuli. Methods:Standardized mean amplitudes and standard errors of P3 and/or LPP waveforms (300-2000 ms) in response to neutral and valenced images were calculated for 13 studies (total n=339 individuals with schizophrenia, 331 healthy controls). Results:In response to neutral images, there were very small, non-significant differences in ERP amplitudes between patient and control groups (k=9; Hedges' g=-0.06, 95% CI: -055, 0.43, p=0.81). In contrast, patients showed a small, significant reduction in ERP amplitudes compared to controls in response to negative images (k=13; Hedges' g=-0.32, 95% CI: -0.59, -0.05, viii p=0.02), and a small, but nonsignificant, reduction in amplitudes in response to positive images (k=7; Hedges' g=-0.27, 95% CI: -0.71, 0.18, p=0.24). Conclusions and implications:The current review indicates that compared to controls, patients have slightly diminished P3 and LPP amplitudes in response to positive and negative stimuli.This small reduction may reflect decreased attention allocation, possibly indicating an abnormality during a distinct stage of early processing related to evaluating the motivational salience of a stimulus. ABSTRACT Structured summary2 Provide a structured summary including, as applicable: background; objectives; data sources; study eligibility criteria, participants, and interventions; study appraisal and synthesis methods; results; limitations; conclusions and implications of key findings; systematic review registration number.2

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confidence: 80%

Late electrophysiological potentials and emotion in schizophrenia: A meta-analytic review

Castro

Bailey

Zinger

et al. 2019

Schizophrenia Research

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“…Regarding the PPI-R, the factor results are clearly important because the FD and SCI factors are largely uncorrelated (Benning et al, 2003;Lilienfeld and Widows, 2005). Among the studies included in the current article, Medina et al (2016) reporting results for both FD and SCI factors of the PPI-R showed that the emotional blunting to unpleasant images in the late LPP was associated with FD factor rather than SCI factor scores. In the same way, the correlation between factors of PCL-R is relatively weak .…”

Section: Discussion On the Psychometric Scales And Psychopathy Constrmentioning

confidence: 89%

Abnormalities of the late positive potential during emotional processing in individuals with psychopathic traits: a meta-analysis

Vallet

Hone‐Blanchet

2019

Psychol. Med.

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BackgroundIndividuals with psychopathic traits display deficits in emotional processing. A key event-related potential component involved in emotional processing is the late positive potential (LPP). In healthy controls, LPP amplitude is greater in response to negative stimuli than to positive or neutral stimuli. In the current study, we aimed to compare LPP amplitudes between individuals with psychopathic traits and control subjects when presented with negative, positive or neutral stimuli. We hypothesized that LPP amplitude evoked by emotional stimuli would be reduced in individuals with psychopathic traits compared to healthy controls.MethodsAfter a systematic review of the literature, we conducted a meta-analysis to compare LPP amplitude elicited by emotional stimuli in individuals with psychopathic traits and healthy controls.ResultsIndividuals with psychopathic traits showed significantly reduced LPP amplitude evoked by negative stimuli (mean effect size = −0.47; 95% CI −0.60 to −0.33; p < 0.005) compared to healthy controls. No significant differences between groups were observed for the processing of positive (mean effect size = −0.15; 95% CI −0.42 to 0.12; p = 0.28) and neutral stimuli (mean effect size = −0.12; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.07; p = 0.21).ConclusionsMeasured by LPP amplitude, individuals with psychopathic traits displayed abnormalities in the processing of emotional stimuli with negative valence whereas processing of stimuli with positive and neutral valence was unchanged as compared with healthy controls.

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“…Psychopathic traits in community samples have been associated with an attenuated fear-potentiated startle reflex [22, 45, 46], deficient fear conditioning [12, 47], reduced anticipatory autonomic responses [48], and reduced amygdala response to affective stimulus [15, 49–51]. Furthermore, the majority of this research has linked this hypo-responsivity to the interpersonal/affective components of psychopathy rather than the lifestyles/antisocial features [22, 45, 47–49, 52, 53], which parallels work in offender samples [13, 14, 16]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

As Far as the Eye Can See: Relationship between Psychopathic Traits and Pupil Response to Affective Stimuli

2017

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Psychopathic individuals show a range of affective processing deficits, typically associated with the interpersonal/affective component of psychopathy. However, previous research has been inconsistent as to whether psychopathy, within both offender and community populations, is associated with deficient autonomic responses to the simple presentation of affective stimuli. Changes in pupil diameter occur in response to emotionally arousing stimuli and can be used as an objective indicator of physiological reactivity to emotion. This study used pupillometry to explore whether psychopathic traits within a community sample were associated with hypo-responsivity to the affective content of stimuli. Pupil activity was recorded for 102 adult (52 female) community participants in response to affective (both negative and positive affect) and affectively neutral stimuli, that included images of scenes, static facial expressions, dynamic facial expressions and sound-clips. Psychopathic traits were measured using the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. Pupil diameter was larger in response to negative stimuli, but comparable pupil size was demonstrated across pleasant and neutral stimuli. A linear relationship between subjective arousal and pupil diameter was found in response to sound-clips, but was not evident in response to scenes. Contrary to predictions, psychopathy was unrelated to emotional modulation of pupil diameter across all stimuli. The findings were the same when participant gender was considered. This suggests that psychopathy within a community sample is not associated with autonomic hypo-responsivity to affective stimuli, and this effect is discussed in relation to later defensive/appetitive mobilisation deficits.

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Emotional processing and psychopathic traits in male college students: An event-related potential study

Cited by 17 publications

References 66 publications

Late electrophysiological potentials and emotion in schizophrenia: A meta-analytic review

Late electrophysiological potentials and emotion in schizophrenia: A meta-analytic review

Abnormalities of the late positive potential during emotional processing in individuals with psychopathic traits: a meta-analysis

As Far as the Eye Can See: Relationship between Psychopathic Traits and Pupil Response to Affective Stimuli

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