Emotional Expressions of Real Humanoid Robots and Their Influence on Human Decision-Making in a Finite Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma Game

Takahashi, Yasutake; Kayukawa, Yuki; Terada, Kazunori; Inoue, H.

doi:10.1007/s12369-021-00758-w

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…We solely manipulated the robot's verbal communication style which did not affect the acceptance of the robot. This result is in contrast to previous studies, where the manipulation of several robot interaction features (e.g., eye color, gaze behavior, and gestures) including verbal communication produced higher compliance (Maggi et al, 2021;Maggi et al, 2020) higher persuasion (Asai et al, 2022;Saunderson and Nejat, 2022;Saunderson and Nejat, 2019), or higher cooperation in a moral dilemma (Takahashi et al, 2021). Verbal communication alone seems to have little effect on the acceptance of a robot as an advisor in moral decision-making.…”

Section: Acceptance Of Robots As Advisors In Moral Decision-makingcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Links between emotions and persuasiveness are not only known from human-human communication (Rocklage et al, 2018) but also found in human-robot interaction (Green and Works, 2022;Asai et al, 2022;Saunderson and Nejat, 2022;Saunderson and Nejat, 2019). In the prisoner's dilemma, subjects were more likely to cooperate with a robot when the robot showed emotion (Takahashi et al, 2021). Emotional, medical recommendations from algorithms were also followed more often (Yun et al, 2021).…”

Section: The Impact Of Social Communicationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Previous studies often varied many communication features of robots at the same time, such as language, eye color, gaze, and gestures (Maggi et al, 2021;Takahashi et al, 2021;Rossi et al, 2020). This way, the influence of the verbal communication style alone is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased morality through social communication or decision situation worsens the acceptance of robo-advisors

Arlinghaus,

Strassmann,

Dix

2024

Preprint

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This German study (N = 317) tests social communication (i.e., self-disclosure, content intimacy, relational continuity units, we-phrases) as a potential compensation strategy for algorithm aversion. Therefore, we explore the acceptance of a robot as an advisor in non-moral, somewhat moral, and very moral decision situations and compare the influence of two verbal communication styles of the robot (functional vs. social). Subjects followed the robot’s recommendation similarly often for both communication styles (functional vs. social), but more often in the non-moral decision situation than in the moral decision situations. Subjects perceived the robot as more human and more moral during social communication than during functional communication but similarly trustworthy, likable, and intelligent for both communication styles. In moral decision situations, subjects ascribed more anthropomorphism and morality but less trust, likability, and intelligence to the robot compared to the non-moral decision situation. Subjects perceive the robot as more moral in social communication. This unexpectedly led to subjects following the robot’s recommendation less often. No other mediation effects were found. From this we conclude, that the verbal communication style alone has a rather small influence on the robot’s acceptance as an advisor for moral decision-making and does not reduce algorithm aversion. Potential reasons for this (e.g., multimodality, no visual changes), as well as implications (e.g., avoidance of self-disclosure in human-robot interaction) and limitations (e.g., video interaction) of this study, are discussed.

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Section: Acceptance Of Robots As Advisors In Moral Decision-makingcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: The Impact Of Social Communicationmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Increased morality through social communication or decision situation worsens the acceptance of robo-advisors

Arlinghaus,

Strassmann,

Dix

2024

Preprint

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“…However, it is worth noting that the proportion of reoffenders who have been released after serving their sentences for more than 5 years still accounts for 26.7%. It can be seen that the 5-year period of placement, help, and education is not enough to control reoffenders, and the placement, help, and education work needs long-term follow-up [ 23 ]. According to the statistics in Table 6 , there is a large difference in the length of sentence for the first crime and the second crime, and the proportion of the sentence for the first crime is less than 5 years is 86.1%.…”

Section: Released Persons Return To the Status Quo Of Social Cooperat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Paradigm and Path of Released Prisoners’ Rights of Rehabilitation from the Perspective of Social Governance

2022

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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In order to better solve the problem of the return of released prisoners to society and reduce the second crime rate after rehabilitation, the main factors affecting the rehabilitation of released prisoners and the specific situation of reoffending were studied from the perspective of social governance. There is a big difference between the sentence period of the first crime and the second crime. The proportion of those sentenced to less than 5 years for the first time is 86.1%, and the proportion of those sentenced to less than 3 years for the second time is 31.1%. Compared with the first crime, the proportion of those sentenced to more than 10 years has decreased by 56.7%, and the proportion of those sentenced to more than 10 years has increased by 8.6%. The figure shows that second offenses are more serious than first offenses. Those released from prison are likely to commit crimes again at any time after rehabilitation, and the proportion of reoffending within 5 years is 73.3%. The proportion of reoffenders who committed crimes for more than 5 years was 26.7%, indicating that the 5-year period after rehabilitation should be taken seriously to reduce the second crime rate. On this basis, the countermeasures for the rehabilitation of released prisoners are discussed.

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“…Takahashi et al [48] experimented with the influence of the emotional expression of a robot on human decision-making in a selection situation during the "Prisoner's Dilemma Game" between a participant and a robot (small humanoid NAO). However, the emotional movements of the robot (joy, anger, shame, sadness (small), and sadness (large)) according to the selection situation were merely the reproduction of movements in which a researcher manually manipulated the robot limbs.…”

Section: Imitation Of Human Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of Generating Emotional Movements and Methods of Transmitting Behavioral Intentions: A Perspective on Human-Coexistence Robots

Matsumaru

2022

Sensors

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The purpose of this paper is to introduce and discuss the following two functions that are considered to be important in human-coexistence robots and human-symbiotic robots: the method of generating emotional movements, and the method of transmitting behavioral intentions. The generation of emotional movements is to design the bodily movements of robots so that humans can feel specific emotions. Specifically, the application of Laban movement analysis, the development from the circumplex model of affect, and the imitation of human movements are discussed. However, a general technique has not yet been established to modify any robot movement so that it contains a specific emotion. The transmission of behavioral intentions is about allowing the surrounding humans to understand the behavioral intentions of robots. Specifically, informative motions in arm manipulation and the transmission of the movement intentions of robots are discussed. In the former, the target position in the reaching motion, the physical characteristics in the handover motion, and the landing distance in the throwing motion are examined, but there are still few research cases. In the latter, no groundbreaking method has been proposed that is fundamentally different from earlier studies. Further research and development are expected in the near future.

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Emotional Expressions of Real Humanoid Robots and Their Influence on Human Decision-Making in a Finite Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma Game

Cited by 17 publications

References 65 publications

Increased morality through social communication or decision situation worsens the acceptance of robo-advisors

Increased morality through social communication or decision situation worsens the acceptance of robo-advisors

[Retracted] Paradigm and Path of Released Prisoners’ Rights of Rehabilitation from the Perspective of Social Governance

Methods of Generating Emotional Movements and Methods of Transmitting Behavioral Intentions: A Perspective on Human-Coexistence Robots

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