Emotional experiences during the three trimesters of pregnancy

Rofé, Yacov; Blittner, Mordechai; Lewin, Isaac

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199301)49:1<3::aid-jclp2270490102>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 61 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…While minor discomforts are common across pregnancy [36] [37], around 36% of all women (39% in nulliparous) in the current study reported experiencing moderate or extreme levels of pain during pregnancy. The experience of moderate or extreme pain and/or discomfort was associated with childbirth fear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psycho-Social Predictors of Childbirth Fear in Pregnant Women: An Australian Study

Toohill¹,

Fenwick²,

Gamble³

et al. 2014

OJOG

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Background: Around 20% of birthing women report high levels of childbirth fear. Fear potentially impacts women's emotional health, preparation for birth, and birth outcomes. Evidence suggests that personal and external factors contribute to childbirth fear, however results vary. Aim: To identify pyscho-social factors associated with childbirth fear and possible antenatal predictors of childbirth fear according to women's parity. Method: 1410 women in second trimester and attending one of three public hospitals in south-east Queensland were screened for childbirth fear using the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ). Other measures included the Edinburgh Depression Scale (EPDS), Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS) and items from the EuroQol (EQ-5D) targeting Anxiety/Depression and Pain/Discomfort. In addition items measuring a previous mental health condition, social support and knowledge were used. Preferred mode of birth was also collected. Psycho-social factors were analysed to determine associations with childbirth fear. Multivariate analysis was used to determine predictors of fear. Results: Thirty-one percent (n = 190/604) of nulliparous and 18% (n = 143/782) of multiparous women reported high fear levels. Having a mental health history, desiring a caesarean section, reporting moderate to high pain during pregnancy, having a non-supportive partner and perceiving less childbirth knowledge than peers, were associated with childbirth fear. Standard multiple regression analyses by parity determined that depression, decisional conflict, low social support and less perceived knowledge predicted levels of childbirth fear. The model explained 32.4% of variance in childbirth fear for nulliparous and 29.4% for multiparous women. Conclusion: Psychosocial factors are significantly associated with childbirth fear. The identification of predictive psychosocial factors for childbirth fear indicates the importance of observing, assessing, and developing support strategies for women. Such strategies are required to decrease anxiety and depression for women during pregnancy, promote normal birth, and build social support to improve women's feelings J. Toohill et al. 532 and positive expectations of birth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psycho-Social Predictors of Childbirth Fear in Pregnant Women: An Australian Study

Toohill¹,

Fenwick²,

Gamble³

et al. 2014

OJOG

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“…Antenatal depression had been identified as a risk factor for PND [Jossefson et al, 2001;Larsson et al, 2004], adverse obstetrical and neonatal outcomes [Chung et al, 2001], and growth retardation in infants [Zukerman et al, 1989]. Because studies have shown that depression is more common late in the pregnancy [Bennet et al, 2004;Kumar and Robson, 1984;Rofe et al, 1993], and most pregnant women in Africa schedule delivery late in the second or the third trimester, assessing for depression in late pregnancy is appropriate for detecting women in need of intervention to safeguard maternal and family psychosocial well-being.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and correlates of depression in late pregnancy among Nigerian women

et al. 2006

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The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of depressive disorder in late pregnancy in a group of Nigerian women and to examine the associated factors. One hundred and eighty women in late pregnancy completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic and obstetrical details. They also completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). A proportion of them were then assessed for the DSM-IV diagnosis of depressive disorder. Fifteen (8.3%) women met the current (2 weeks) DSM-IV diagnosis of depressive disorder. The factors independently associated with depression included being single [odds ratio (OR) 5 16.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5 3.17-87.76], divorced /separated (OR 5 11.11, 95% CI 5 1.55-19.65), polygamous (OR 5 3.92, 95% CI 5 0.94-16.33), and having a previous history of stillbirth (OR 5 8.00, 95% CI 5 1.70-37.57) and perceived lack of social support (OR 5 6.08, 95% CI 5 1.42-26.04). Depression is common in late pregnancy among Nigerian women, with the significant correlates including mainly social and family factors. Such factors should be considered when planning health care services or formulating a predictive model. Interventions aimed at reducing the occurrence of antenatal depression need further research. Depression and Anxiety 24: 15-21, 2007.

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“…This arises from the fact that various changes in skin, genital, urinary and gastrointestinal tract may also affect the BIP, apart from the changes of BMI observed during pregnancy. Changes in self-esteem levels in pregnancy may be impacted by several factors such as the level of education, maternal age, number of previous births, duration of marriage, the income level of the family, regardless of a planned pregnancy (27)(28)(29)(30)(31). Therefore, in our study, the patients with similar demographic, social and medical characteristics were compared in terms of self-esteem and BIP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%