Emotional event-related potentials are reduced if negative pictures presented at fixation are unattended

Wiens, Stefan; Sand, Anders; Norberg, Joakim; Andersson, Per

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2011.03.042

Cited by 34 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…More importantly, in both the ignore-and attend-instruction conditions, a similar distracting influence of the disgust-evoking images was observed, suggesting that the disgustspecific effect was mainly determined by an involuntary, stimulusdriven mechanism. This is furthermore supported by the already discussed observation that the effect of the disgust-evoking images was significant only when targets were presented within 200 ms after their onset, thus arguably before explicit attention could augment any implicit emotion effects (cf., Schupp et al, 2007;Wiens et al, 2011). Furthermore, general accuracy was lowest and overall RT was slowest in the short (100 and 200 ms) cue-target interval conditions, suggesting that these conditions were the most demanding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This was explained by the notion that (emotional) distraction may occur only when the primary task does not consume all attention resources (i.e., when perceptual load is low). The modulating role of task-related and voluntary attention is furthermore supported by results from event-related potential (ERP) research, showing much larger brain activation differences between negative-and neutral images when participants' attention is directed towards the contents of these images than when they were just viewing them (Schupp et al, 2007) or when their attention is directed towards a concurrent perceptual decision task (Wiens, Sand, Norberg, & Andersson, 2011). It is as yet unclear however, whether the effects of such attention manipulation would depend on the type of negative emotion elicited, either directly or as a result of the time course of enhanced processing.…”

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confidence: 82%

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Disgust-specific modulation of early attention processes

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 82%

Disgust-specific modulation of early attention processes

et al. 2014

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“…3: 94.5Iconic symbols (≈facial emoticons)3: Neutral, Negative, PositiveCenter at 4.77BehaviorYes, BehaviorNegAttentional resources availability Carretié et al 2011 21/5 (22.73)Digit categorization88.43Scenes3: Neutral, Fearful, Disgusting0Behavior, ERPsYes, Behavior & ERPsDisgusting≈200 ms (anterior P2)(Whole brain strategy). Occipital lobe. Wiens et al 2011 7/7 (24)Perceptual (letter detection)88.5Scenes3: Neutral, Negative0Behavior, ERPsYes, ERPsNeg>400 ms (LPP)Barratt & Bundesen 2012 Exp. 1: 26/14 (21.1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous (automatic) attention to emotional stimuli: a review

Carretié

2014

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

347

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Current knowledge on the architecture of exogenous attention (also called automatic, bottom-up, or stimulus-driven attention, among other terms) has been mainly obtained from studies employing neutral, anodyne stimuli. Since, from an evolutionary perspective, exogenous attention can be understood as an adaptive tool for rapidly detecting salient events, reorienting processing resources to them, and enhancing processing mechanisms, emotional events (which are, by definition, salient for the individual) would seem crucial to a comprehensive understanding of this process. This review, focusing on the visual modality, describes 55 experiments in which both emotional and neutral irrelevant distractors are presented at the same time as ongoing task targets. Qualitative and, when possible, meta-analytic descriptions of results are provided. The most conspicuous result is that, as confirmed by behavioral and/or neural indices, emotional distractors capture exogenous attention to a significantly greater extent than do neutral distractors. The modulatory effects of the nature of distractors capturing attention, of the ongoing task characteristics, and of individual differences, previously proposed as mediating factors, are also described. Additionally, studies reviewed here provide temporal and spatial information—partially absent in traditional cognitive models—on the neural basis of preattention/evaluation, reorienting, and sensory amplification, the main subprocesses involved in exogenous attention. A model integrating these different levels of information is proposed. The present review, which reveals that there are several key issues for which experimental data are surprisingly scarce, confirms the relevance of including emotional distractors in studies on exogenous attention.

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“…However, EPN reaction remained unaffected, i.e. emotionally salient content was processed even when it was unattended and task irrelevant and cognitive load did not seem to affect either EPN or LPP (Holmes, Kiss & Eimer, 2006;Wiens, Sand, Norberg & Andersson, 2011).…”

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confidence: 89%

“…Some studies suggest that emotional content is processed automatically without conscious awareness and can impair performance in a task (Okon-Singer, Tzelgov & Henik, 2007). Other studies have not been able to replicate this effect on performance but found an automatic emotional reaction to negative pictures with EEG (Wiens, Sand, Norberg & Andersson, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%