Emotional eating and <i>in vivo</i> norepinephrine transporter availability in obesity: A [<sup>11</sup>C]MRB PET pilot study

Bresch, Anke; Rullmann, Michael; Luthardt, Julia; Becker, Georg-Alexander; Reissig, G; Patt, M.; Ding, Yu‐Shin; Hilbert, Anja; Sabri, Osama; Hesse, Swen

doi:10.1002/eat.22621

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This study did not find significant differences in EE scores and regional NET levels between healthy controls and obese participants. However, for obese individuals higher EE scores correlated with lower NET availability in the locus coeruleus and higher NET availability in the left thalamus (50). Collectively, these studies suggest that NE transmission is regionally impaired in substance use disorder, obese, and EE populations (50,52).…”

Section: Pet Imaging In Obesity and Food Addictionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…However, for obese individuals higher EE scores correlated with lower NET availability in the locus coeruleus and higher NET availability in the left thalamus (50). Collectively, these studies suggest that NE transmission is regionally impaired in substance use disorder, obese, and EE populations (50,52). These results suggest that regional fluctuations in NET availability determine the deviations in motivated behavior, such as emotional eating, which are seen in substance use disorder and obesity.…”

Section: Pet Imaging In Obesity and Food Addictionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Emotional eating (EE), a term used by researchers to indicate an increase in food consumption in response to negative emotions, is associated with obesity (50). It is postulated that deviations from normalized levels of norepinephrine (NE) contribute toward emotional eating seen in obesity.…”

Section: Pet Imaging In Obesity and Food Addictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food addiction A common neurobiological mechanism with drug abuse

et al. 2018

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Drugs and food both exert a rewarding effect through the firing of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area, resulting in the release of dopamine into the nucleus accumbens and effects on the mesolimbic pathway. Here, we review the neuroimaging literature to consider the validity of food addiction and the common neurobiological mechanisms that overlap in food and drug addiction. This review paper focuses on findings from Positron Emission Tomography (PET), functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and structural imaging studies, as well as evidence from neuroimaging studies of bariatric surgery and pharmacological interventions on obese individuals. We examine not only functional and structural changes in the mesolimbic pathways, but also in other frontal areas shown to be involved in drug addiction, including the prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex, as well as changes in neurotransmitter systems beyond dopaminergic systems.

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Section: Pet Imaging In Obesity and Food Addictionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Pet Imaging In Obesity and Food Addictionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Food addiction A common neurobiological mechanism with drug abuse

et al. 2018

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“…Noradrenergic dysfunction and impaired NE clearance are implicated in obesity. Consequently, the researchers using 11 C-MRB PET have come to mutual conclusions that the NET availability in the thalamus region of obese adults is decreased when compared to healthy controls (Li et al 2014;Bresch et al 2017). In addition, by measuring the CNS NET availability, it is possible to predict the result of a dietary intervention, and is helpful for adjusting treatment options of highly obese adults (Vettermann et al 2018).…”

Section: C-mrbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in radiotracers targeting norepinephrine transporter: structural development and radiolabeling improvements

et al. 2020

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The norepinephrine transporter (NET) is a major target for the evaluation of the cardiac sympathetic nerve system in patients with heart failure and Parkinson's disease. It is also used in the therapeutic applications against certain types of neuroendocrine tumors, as exemplified by the clinically used 123/131 I-MIBG as theranostic single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) agent. With the development of more advanced positron emission tomography (PET) technology, more radiotracers targeting NET have been reported, with superior temporal and spatial resolutions, along with the possibility of functional and kinetic analysis. More recently, fluorine-18-labelled NET tracers have drawn increasing attentions from researchers, due to their longer radiological half-life relative to carbon-11 (110 min vs. 20 min), reduced dependence on on-site cyclotrons, and flexibility in the design of novel tracer structures. In the heart, certain NET tracers provide integral diagnostic information on sympathetic innervation and the nerve status. In the central nervous system, such radiotracers can reveal NET distribution and density in pathological conditions. Most radiotracers targeting cardiac NET-function for the cardiac application consistent of derivatives of either norepinephrine or MIBG with its benzylguanidine core structure, e.g. 11 C-HED and 18 F-LMI1195. In contrast, all NET tracers used in central nervous system applications are derived from clinically used antidepressants. Lastly, possible applications of NET as selective tracers over organic cation transporters (OCTs) in the kidneys and other organs controlled by sympathetic nervous system will also be discussed.

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“…Another study with the same tracer performed by Hesse and colleagues did not find significant differences people with and without obesity (Bresch et al., 2017a, Hesse et al., 2017). Interestingly, the same group found within‐obesity‐group relationships with [11C]MRB BP ND values suggestive of NET involvement in eating behaviors like emotional eating and susceptibility to hunger (Bresch et al., 2017a,b). They also suggested that NET availability might be helpful as a biomarker for predicting outcomes to dietary interventions, which could inform individualized treatment of obesity (Vettermann et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Relationships of in vivo brain norepinephrine transporter and age, BMI, and gender

Koohsari

Sadabad

Pittman

et al. 2023

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Previous research reported an age-related decline in brain norepinephrine transporter (NET) using (S, S)-[11C]O-methylreboxetine ([11C]MRB) as a radiotracer. Studies with the same tracer have been mixed in regard to differences related to body mass index (BMI). Here, we investigated potential age-, BMI-, and gender-related differences in brain NET availability using [11C]MRB, the most selective available radiotracer. Fortythree healthy participants (20 females, 23 males; age range 18-49 years), including 12 individuals with normal/lean weight, 15 with overweight, and 16 with obesity were scanned with [11C]MRB using a positron emission tomography (PET) high-resolution research tomograph (HRRT). We evaluated binding potential (BP ND ) in brain regions with high NET availability using multilinear reference tissue model 2 (MRTM2) with the occipital cortex as a reference region. Brain regions were delineated with a defined anatomic template applied to subjects' structural MR scans.We found a negative association between age and NET availability in the locus coeruleus, raphe nucleus, and hypothalamus, with a 17%, 19%, and 14% decrease per decade, respectively, in each region. No gender or BMI relationships with NET availability were observed. Our findings suggest an age-related decline, but no BMI-or gender-related differences, in NET availability in healthy adults.

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Emotional eating and in vivo norepinephrine transporter availability in obesity: A [¹¹C]MRB PET pilot study

Abstract: These results indicate that central in vivo NET availability is altered in EE of individuals with obesity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:152-156).

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Food addiction A common neurobiological mechanism with drug abuse

Food addiction A common neurobiological mechanism with drug abuse

Recent advances in radiotracers targeting norepinephrine transporter: structural development and radiolabeling improvements

Relationships of in vivo brain norepinephrine transporter and age, BMI, and gender

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Emotional eating and in vivo norepinephrine transporter availability in obesity: A [11C]MRB PET pilot study

Abstract: These results indicate that central in vivo NET availability is altered in EE of individuals with obesity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:152-156).

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Food addiction A common neurobiological mechanism with drug abuse

Food addiction A common neurobiological mechanism with drug abuse

Recent advances in radiotracers targeting norepinephrine transporter: structural development and radiolabeling improvements

Relationships of in vivo brain norepinephrine transporter and age, BMI, and gender

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Product

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Emotional eating and in vivo norepinephrine transporter availability in obesity: A [¹¹C]MRB PET pilot study