Emotional distress in Angolan patients with several types of tuberculosis

Xavier, Paulo Benvinda; Peixoto, Bruno

doi:10.4314/ahs.v15i2.10

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…One such study in a predominantly rural community in Ethiopia found that 14% of the population expressed clinical levels of mild depressive, anxiety and somatic symptoms. 41 On the other hand, a wide variety of studies have examined anxiety and depression in highrisk populations in Africa, including patients with tuberculosis in Ethiopia 42 and Angola, 43 Rwandans who had experienced genocide, 44 and Nigerian prison inmates. 45 Findings of varying levels of mental health symptomology from these studies suggest that further investigations may be required to better understand specific mental health impact of the Ebola epidemic on directly affected persons such as Ebola survivors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Ebola experiences and risk perceptions on mental health in Sierra Leone, July 2015

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe mental health impact of the 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic has been described among survivors, family members and healthcare workers, but little is known about its impact on the general population of affected countries. We assessed symptoms of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the general population in Sierra Leone after over a year of outbreak response.MethodsWe administered a cross-sectional survey in July 2015 to a national sample of 3564 consenting participants selected through multistaged cluster sampling. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-4. PTSD symptoms were measured by six items from the Impact of Events Scale-revised. Relationships among Ebola experience, perceived Ebola threat and mental health symptoms were examined through binary logistic regression.ResultsPrevalence of any anxiety-depression symptom was 48% (95% CI 46.8% to 50.0%), and of any PTSD symptom 76% (95% CI 75.0% to 77.8%). In addition, 6% (95% CI 5.4% to 7.0%) met the clinical cut-off for anxiety-depression, 27% (95% CI 25.8% to 28.8%) met levels of clinical concern for PTSD and 16% (95% CI 14.7% to 17.1%) met levels of probable PTSD diagnosis. Factors associated with higher reporting of any symptoms in bivariate analysis included region of residence, experiences with Ebola and perceived Ebola threat. Knowing someone quarantined for Ebola was independently associated with anxiety-depression (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.3, 95% CI 1.7 to 2.9) and PTSD (AOR 2.095% CI 1.5 to 2.8) symptoms. Perceiving Ebola as a threat was independently associated with anxiety-depression (AOR 1.69 95% CI 1.44 to 1.98) and PTSD (AOR 1.86 95% CI 1.56 to 2.21) symptoms.ConclusionSymptoms of PTSD and anxiety-depression were common after one year of Ebola response; psychosocial support may be needed for people with Ebola-related experiences. Preventing, detecting, and responding to mental health conditions should be an important component of global health security efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Ebola experiences and risk perceptions on mental health in Sierra Leone, July 2015

et al. 2018

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“…The literature identified several important factors that influence relationships between TB and different dimensions of mental illness. Gender is an especially pronounced factor: during diagnostic and treatment phases of TB treatment, women have consistently shown to have significantly poorer mental health outcomes, including general mental health [39], anxiety [47], depression [4,49,52,59,84], psychological distress [40,41,83,114], suicidality [59] and mental health-related quality of life. However in one exception, men scored higher than women in an outpatient hospital setting in Uttar Pradesh, India [46].…”

Section: Factors Influencing Relationships Between Tb and Mental Illnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidities between tuberculosis and common mental disorders: a scoping review of epidemiological patterns and person-centred care interventions from low-to-middle income and BRICS countries

et al. 2020

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Background: There is increasing evidence that the substantial global burden of disease for tuberculosis unfolds in concert with dimensions of common mental disorders. Person-centred care holds much promise to ameliorate these comorbidities in low-to-middle income countries (LMICs) and emerging economies. Towards this end, this paper aims to review 1) the nature and extent of tuberculosis and common mental disorder comorbidity and 2) person-centred tuberculosis care in low-to-middle income countries and emerging economies. Main text: A scoping review of 100 articles was conducted of English-language studies published from 2000 to 2019 in peer-reviewed and grey literature, using established guidelines, for each of the study objectives. Four broad tuberculosis/ mental disorder comorbidities were described in the literature, namely alcohol use and tuberculosis, depression and tuberculosis, anxiety and tuberculosis, and general mental health and tuberculosis. Rates of comorbidity varied widely across countries for depression, anxiety, alcohol use and general mental health. Alcohol use and tuberculosis were significantly related, especially in the context of poverty. The initial tuberculosis diagnostic episode had substantial sociopsychological effects on service users. While men tended to report higher rates of alcohol use and treatment default, women in general had worse mental health outcomes. Older age and a history of mental illness were also associated with pronounced tuberculosis and mental disorder comorbidity. Person-centred tuberculosis care interventions were almost absent, with only one study from Nepal identified. Conclusions: There is an emerging body of evidence describing the nature and extent of tuberculosis and mental disorders comorbidity in low-to-middle income countries. Despite the potential of person-centred interventions, evidence is limited. This review highlights a pronounced need to address psychosocial comorbidities with tuberculosis in LMICs, where models of person-centred tuberculosis care in routine care platforms may yield promising outcomes.

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“…Multi drug resistance has been found to be significantly associated with higher anxiety and depression levels 12 (Xavier, 2015). But, we did not come across any MDR-TB patients in our study, so we couldn't do an analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Psychiatric and physical diseases or disorders can influence each other through many mechanisms including neuroendocrine and immune systems. 11,12,13 Tuberculosis and psychiatric disorders have many common risk factors including homelessness, HIV positive serology and alcohol or substance abuse 2 (Doherty, A. M., 2013). Tuberculosis has been associated with significant burden of psychiatric illnesses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1998), which then necessitates the use of second line drugs which are associated with relatively more adverse effects. Multi drug resistance has also been found to be significantly associated with higher anxiety and depression levels 12 (Xavier, 2015). Moreover, improvements have been observed in psychiatric disorders in people with tuberculosis after psychiatric intervention 21 (Das M, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychiatric Morbidity in People With Tuberculosis: A Cross Sectional Study

P.P¹,

Malaiappan²,

Malaiarasan³

2018

jebmh

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BACKGROUND Tuberculosis ranks alongside Human Immunodeficiency Virus as a leading cause of death worldwide. 1,2 Psychiatric disorders in chronic medical illnesses have been found to be associated with poor compliance in previous studies. Poor compliance in tuberculosis can have drastic consequences including emergence of drug resistance. 1,2,3,4,5 In this study, we have attempted to study the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in tuberculosis at a tertiary care centre in Chennai. The objectives of the study were-1. To assess the prevalence of psychiatric illnesses in people undergoing treatment for tuberculosis. 2. To assess the association between psychiatric comorbidity and different socio-demographic factors (age, gender, education) and tuberculosis disease related factors. 3. To assess the relationship between psychiatric comorbidity and negative behavioural factors like history of defaulting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ours is a cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Thoracic Medicine in Government Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai. A total of 106 patients were interviewed and examined. RESULTS We observed that 63.12% of the patients had at least one psychiatric illness. About 62.6% had depressive disorder. Anxiety disorders were found in 23.5%. We also found significant relationships between the following: male gender and presence of psychiatric illnesses, joint family and presence of psychiatric illnesses, dyspnoea grade 3 or more and presence of psychiatric illnesses, dyspnoea grade 3 or more and severity of depression. CONCLUSION The high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in people with tuberculosis warrants specific screening and management.

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Emotional distress in Angolan patients with several types of tuberculosis

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Impact of Ebola experiences and risk perceptions on mental health in Sierra Leone, July 2015

Impact of Ebola experiences and risk perceptions on mental health in Sierra Leone, July 2015

Comorbidities between tuberculosis and common mental disorders: a scoping review of epidemiological patterns and person-centred care interventions from low-to-middle income and BRICS countries

Psychiatric Morbidity in People With Tuberculosis: A Cross Sectional Study

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