Emotional Content of Dreams Recalled by Elderly Women

Howe, Joan B.; Blick, Kenneth A.

doi:10.2466/pms.1983.56.1.31

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…He found that any differences were small and that the dream reports in general were not as emotional or unpleasant as dreams are often claimed to be. In similar fashion, Howe and Blick (1983) had women rate their dream reports on several emotionality dimensions, finding that the emotions in the dreams of older women were rated as more benign.…”

Section: Rating ~Cales For Dream Contentmentioning

confidence: 87%

New directions in the study of dream content using the Hall and Van de Castle coding system.

Domhoff¹

1999

Dreaming

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Both methodological and statistical innovations add to the usefulness of the Hall and Van de Castle system for the content analysis of dream reports. In addition, there are weaknesses in most rating scales for the study of dream content, and numerous methodological and statistical problems call into question many past studies of dream content. In an introduction to this special issue, these possibilities and problems are discussed and then demonstrated through a critique of the literature on gender and dream content.

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Section: Rating ~Cales For Dream Contentmentioning

confidence: 87%

New directions in the study of dream content using the Hall and Van de Castle coding system.

Domhoff¹

1999

Dreaming

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“…This clearly shows that the external rating method potentially underestimates positive affects. In the same vein, the studies which used the external rating method (e.g., McCarley & Hobson, 1979;Kramer & Brik, 2002) found far lower frequencies of affects in dream reports than the studies which asked subjects explicitly to rate the affects in their dreams (e.g., Foulkes, Sullivan, Kerr, & Brown, 1988;Howe & Blick, 1983;Stairs & Blick, 1979;Strauch & Meier, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Emotions before, during, and after dreaming sleep.

2007

Dreaming

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The aim of this study was to provide a preliminary overview of the emotions before, during, and after dreaming sleep in Chinese people. One hundred Chinese participants were included in the study. Cheerful emotions, including interest, exhilaration, and enjoyment, were pervasive in the collected dreams, although anxiety was also a common type of emotion. Positive correlations were found between the intensities of dream, presleep, and postsleep emotions. Significant reductions in intensity were noted in the analyses of emotions preceding dreaming sleep versus emotions following dreaming sleep.

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“…Furthermore, studies that have compared external ratings of emotions to participants’ self-ratings of emotions find that external raters overestimate negative emotions in dreams compared to what the dreamers themselves perceive in the dreams ( Schredl and Doll, 1998 ; Sikka et al, 2014 ), indicating that it is the method that produces the negativity bias. In other studies, the top self-reported emotion has been some form of joy, elation, or excitement ( Howe and Blick, 1983 ; Fosse et al, 2001 ).…”

Section: Arguments For and Against Emotion-processing Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Metaphor and hyperassociativity: the imagination mechanisms behind emotion assimilation in sleep and dreaming

Malinowski

Horton

2015

Front. Psychol.

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In this paper we propose an emotion assimilation function of sleep and dreaming. We offer explanations both for the mechanisms by which waking-life memories are initially selected for processing during sleep, and for the mechanisms by which those memories are subsequently transformed during sleep. We propose that emotions act as a marker for information to be selectively processed during sleep, including consolidation into long term memory structures and integration into pre-existing memory networks; that dreaming reflects these emotion assimilation processes; and that the associations between memory fragments activated during sleep give rise to measureable elements of dream metaphor and hyperassociativity. The latter are a direct reflection, and the phenomenological experience, of emotional memory assimilation processes occurring during sleep. While many theories previously have posited a role for emotion processing and/or emotional memory consolidation during sleep and dreaming, sleep theories often do not take enough account of important dream science data, yet dream research, when conducted systematically and under ideal conditions, can greatly enhance theorizing around the functions of sleep. Similarly, dream theories often fail to consider the implications of sleep-dependent memory research, which can augment our understanding of dream functioning. Here, we offer a synthesized view, taking detailed account of both sleep and dream data and theories. We draw on extensive literature from sleep and dream experiments and theories, including often-overlooked data from dream science which we believe reflects sleep phenomenology, to bring together important ideas and findings from both domains.

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Emotional Content of Dreams Recalled by Elderly Women

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

New directions in the study of dream content using the Hall and Van de Castle coding system.

New directions in the study of dream content using the Hall and Van de Castle coding system.

Emotions before, during, and after dreaming sleep.

Metaphor and hyperassociativity: the imagination mechanisms behind emotion assimilation in sleep and dreaming

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