Emotional cognition subgroups in mood disorders: Associations with familial risk

Varo, Cristina; Kjærstad, Hanne Lie; Poulsen, Emilie; Meluken, Iselin; Vieta, Eduard; Kessing, Lars Vedel; Vinberg, Maj; Miskowiak, Kamilla Woznica

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.05.003

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…That literature involves basic processes of emotion regulation. Extensive neurobiological work has been done, identifying prefrontal cortex and cingulate regions as important in regulation of emotional experience (Green and Malhi 2006 ; Kjaerstad et al 2021 ; Miskowiak et al 2019 ; Varo et al 2021 ). Aberrant emotion processing underlies abnormal mood and anxiety experiences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aberrant emotion processing underlies abnormal mood and anxiety experiences. Most of this research has focused on depression (Green and Malhi 2006 ; Kjaerstad et al 2021 ; Miskowiak et al 2019 ; Varo et al 2021 ), but the results are likely relevant also to manic experiences, such as hypomania (Goodwin 2002 ). This concept of cognitive control, extensively studied in experimental psychology paradigms and in neurobiological work (Green and Malhi 2006 ; Kjaerstad et al 2021 ; Miskowiak et al 2019 ; Varo et al 2021 ) has more scientific foundation than presumptions about severity or functional impairment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of this research has focused on depression (Green and Malhi 2006 ; Kjaerstad et al 2021 ; Miskowiak et al 2019 ; Varo et al 2021 ), but the results are likely relevant also to manic experiences, such as hypomania (Goodwin 2002 ). This concept of cognitive control, extensively studied in experimental psychology paradigms and in neurobiological work (Green and Malhi 2006 ; Kjaerstad et al 2021 ; Miskowiak et al 2019 ; Varo et al 2021 ) has more scientific foundation than presumptions about severity or functional impairment. Hence, rather than exclusive reliance on severity or functional impairment, the CRDC criteria have added the key notion that hypomania involves the preservation of such cognitive control over emotional processing, whereas mania does not.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical research diagnostic criteria for bipolar illness (CRDC-BP): rationale and validity

Ghaemi

Angst

Vöhringer

et al. 2022

Int J Bipolar Disord

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Background In the 1970 s, scientific research on psychiatric nosology was summarized in Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), based solely on empirical data, an important source for the third revision of the official nomenclature of the American Psychiatric Association in 1980, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Third Edition (DSM-III). The intervening years, especially with the fourth edition in 1994, saw a shift to a more overtly “pragmatic” approach to diagnostic definitions, which were constructed for many purposes, with research evidence being only one consideration. The latest editions have been criticized as failing to be useful for research. Biological and clinical research rests on the validity of diagnostic definitions that are supported by firm empirical foundations, but critics note that DSM criteria have failed to prioritize research data in favor of “pragmatic” considerations. Results Based on prior work of the International Society for Bipolar Diagnostic Guidelines Task Force, we propose here Clinical Research Diagnostic Criteria for Bipolar Illness (CRDC–BP) for use in research studies, with the hope that these criteria may lead to further refinement of diagnostic definitions for other major mental illnesses in the future. New proposals are provided for mixed states, mood temperaments, and duration of episodes. Conclusions A new CRDC could provide guidance toward an empirically-based, scientific psychiatric nosology, and provide an alternative clinical diagnostic approach to the DSM system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical research diagnostic criteria for bipolar illness (CRDC-BP): rationale and validity

Ghaemi

Angst

Vöhringer

et al. 2022

Int J Bipolar Disord

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“…This approach could be quickly and easily adopted because psychoanalysis is traditionally less focused on symptoms of specific mental disorders and more inclined to observe and analyze intrapsychic and interpersonal problems and promotes a diagnostic approach that is inferential, contextual, dimensional, and appreciative of the subjective experience of the patient (Lingiardi and McWilliams, 2017;McWilliams, 2011;Stefana and Gamba, 2013) to identify the underlying mental processes. Hence, apart from the traditional treatment outcomes used in RCTs, such as symptom reduction (McIntyre et al, 2020), mood instability (Kessing and Faurholt-Jepsen, 2022), or relapse prevention (Nestsiarovich et al, 2022), researchers willing to prove the efficacy of psychoanalytic interventions for serious conditions such as bipolar disorder might want to power their studies for alternative relevant endpoints such as insight (Dell'Osso et al, 2002), cognitive reserve (Amoretti and Ramos-Quiroga, 2021), emotional and social cognition (Miskowiak and Varo, 2021;Varo et al, 2021), quality of life (Bonnín et al, 2019) or functioning (Vieta and Torrent, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the impact of psychoanalytic therapy for bipolar disorders: A scoping review

Stefana¹,

D’Imperio²,

Dakanalis³

et al. 2022

International Forum of Psychoanalysis

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No systematic review has been conducted to provide an overview of the effectiveness of psychoanalysis on outcomes for bipolar depression and mania. The present study undertakes a scoping review on the effectiveness of psychoanalysis for bipolar disorder (BD), provides a summary of the evidence base, and identifies issues for future research in this area. A thorough search of journal articles in MEDLINE, PEP-Web, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science was carried out to obtain available studies of psychoanalytic treatment for BD published 1990-2021. We searched for either quantitative or singlecase studies. Twenty-six single case reports from 21 articles and no quantitative studies met a prior inclusion criteria. Qualitative analysis suggests efficacy and cost-effectiveness but thus far there is no scientific evidence in support of psychoanalysis. Although these pilot findings suggest that psychoanalysis may impact symptoms and global functioning in patients with BD, the underlying evidence is poor and should be confirmed by experimental studies.

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“…In patients with mood disorders, studies using data-driven approaches have identified discrete subgroups with differing levels of performance within both non-emotional cognition (Cotrena, Branco, Ponsoni, Shansis, & Fonseca, 2017;Jensen, Knorr, Vinberg, Kessing, & Miskowiak, 2016;Kjaerstad, Eikeseth, Vinberg, Kessing, & Miskowiak, 2019;Lima et al, 2019;Pu, Noda, Setoyama, & Nakagome, 2018;Solé et al, 2018) and, more recently, socialand emotional cognition (Szmulewicz, Millett, Shanahan, Gunning, & Burdick, 2020;Varo et al, 2020Varo et al, , 2021. Specifically, cluster analyses revealed distinct emotional cognitive profiles among patients with mood disorders: one with intact emotional cognition performance (57-71%) and one or two clusters indicating impairments in emotional cognition (29-43%) with mild-to-moderate difficulties within the domains of emotion recognition (Szmulewicz et al, 2020;Varo et al, 2020), emotional intelligence (Szmulewicz et al, 2020;Varo et al, 2020) and facial expression recognition and emotion processing and -regulation (Varo et al, 2021). Furthermore, subgroups with impaired emotional cognition were characterised by poorer psychosocial functioning and neurocognitive performance (Szmulewicz et al, 2020;Varo et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional cognition subgroups in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with mood disorders

et al. 2021

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Background Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD) exhibit difficulties with emotional cognition even during remission. There is evidence for aberrant emotional cognition in unaffected relatives of patients with these mood disorders, but studies are conflicting. We aimed to investigate whether emotional cognition in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with mood disorders is characterised by heterogeneity using a data-driven approach. Methods Data from 94 unaffected relatives (33 of MDD patients; 61 of BD patients) and 203 healthy controls were pooled from two cohort studies. Emotional cognition was assessed with the Social Scenarios Test, Facial Expression Recognition Test and Faces Dot-Probe Test. Hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted using emotional cognition data from the 94 unaffected relatives. The resulting emotional cognition clusters and controls were compared for emotional and non-emotional cognition, demographic characteristics and functioning. Results Two distinct clusters of unaffected relatives were identified: a relatively ‘emotionally preserved’ cluster (55%; 40% relatives of MDD probands) and an ‘emotionally blunted’ cluster (45%; 29% relatives of MDD probands). ‘Emotionally blunted’ relatives presented with poorer neurocognitive performance (global cognition p = 0.010), heightened subsyndromal mania symptoms (p = 0.004), lower years of education (p = 0.004) and difficulties with interpersonal functioning (p = 0.005) than controls, whereas ‘emotionally preserved’ relatives were comparable to controls on these measures. Conclusions Our findings show discrete emotional cognition profiles that occur across healthy first-degree relatives of patients with MDD and BD. These emotional cognition clusters may provide insight into emotional cognitive markers of genetically distinct subgroups of individuals at familial risk of mood disorders.

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Emotional cognition subgroups in mood disorders: Associations with familial risk

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

Clinical research diagnostic criteria for bipolar illness (CRDC-BP): rationale and validity

Clinical research diagnostic criteria for bipolar illness (CRDC-BP): rationale and validity

Probing the impact of psychoanalytic therapy for bipolar disorders: A scoping review

Emotional cognition subgroups in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with mood disorders

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