Emotional arousal modulates the encoding of crime‐related details and corresponding physiological responses in the Concealed Information Test

Peth, Judith; Vossel, Gerhard; Gamer, Matthias

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01313.x

Cited by 42 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In Experiment 2, the difference was much less pronounced: Only 1.15 points, representing a moderate effect. The data indicate that pronounced differences in item saliency affect the validity of RT-based memory detection and thereby extend item saliency effects from physiological measures (Carmel, Dayan, Naveh, Raveh, & Ben-Shakhar, 2003;Gamer & Berti, 2012;Gamer, Kosiol, & Vossel, 2010;Jokinen et al, 2006;Lieblich et al, 1976;Nahari & Ben-Shakhar, 2011;Peth, Vossel, & Gamer, 2012) to RTs. We think that the 21 use of an independent assessment of item saliency will be of great use in future research.…”

Section: Item Saliencymentioning

confidence: 63%

RT-based memory detection: Item saliency effects in the single-probe and the multiple-probe protocol.

Verschuere¹,

Kleinberg²,

Theocharidou³

2015

Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition

106

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RT-based memory detection may provide an efficient means to assess recognition of concealed information. There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in detection rates, and we explored two potential moderators: Item Saliency and Test Protocol. Participants tried to conceal low salient (e.g., favourite colour) and high salient items (e.g., first name) and were tested with either the single-probe protocol or the multiple-probe protocol. Experiment 1 was a laboratory study with knowledgeable individuals only (n = 47). Experiment 2 was an Internet study (n = 283), that also included unknowledgeable individuals. High salient items were better detected than low salient items in the laboratory, but not the Internet study (in which the item saliency manipulation was less successful). The multiple-probe protocol outperformed the single-probe protocol in both studies. We conclude that pronounced differences in item saliency affect the validity of RT-based memory detection, and we recommend the multiple-probe protocol for RT-based memory detection. RT-based memory detection may provide an efficient means to assess recognition of concealed information. There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in detection rates, and we explored two potential moderators: Item Saliency and Test Protocol. Participants tried to conceal low salient (e.g., favourite colour) and high salient items (e.g., first name) and were tested with either the single-probe protocol or the multiple-probe protocol. Experiment 1 was a laboratory study with knowledgeable individuals only (n = 47). Experiment 2 was anInternet study (n = 283), that also included unknowledgeable individuals. High salient items were better detected than low salient items in the laboratory, but not the Internet study (in which the item saliency manipulation was less successful). The multiple-probe protocol outperformed the single-probe protocol in both studies. We conclude that pronounced differences in item saliency affect the validity of RT-based memory detection, and we recommend the multiple-probe protocol for RT-based memory detection.Max 6

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Section: Item Saliencymentioning

confidence: 63%

RT-based memory detection: Item saliency effects in the single-probe and the multiple-probe protocol.

Verschuere¹,

Kleinberg²,

Theocharidou³

2015

Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Also, as the test usually takes place weeks and sometimes months or even years after the crime, it is doubtful whether all crime-related items will be remembered during the test. Indeed, several recent laboratory studies using ANS measures revealed that, when the CIT is administered 1 or 2 weeks after the mock crime, certain critical items are not recalled and fail to elicit differential responses (Carmel, Dayan, Naveh, Raveh, & Ben-Shakhar, 2003;Gamer, Kosiol, & Vossel, 2010;Nahari & Ben-Shakhar, 2011;Peth, Vossel, & Gamer, 2012). Needless to say, the problem of false negatives caused by presenting critical details that are not remembered by the suspect will not be resolved by changing from ANS to P300 or fMRI measures.…”

Section: From the Lab To The Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deception detection with behavioral, autonomic, and neural measures: Conceptual and methodological considerations that warrant modesty

et al. 2016

Self Cite

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The detection of deception has attracted increased attention among psychological researchers, legal scholars, and ethicists during the last decade. Much of this has been driven by the possibility of using neuroimaging techniques for lie detection. Yet, neuroimaging studies addressing deception detection are clouded by lack of conceptual clarity and a host of methodological problems that are not unique to neuroimaging. We review the various research paradigms and the dependent measures that have been adopted to study deception and its detection. In doing so, we differentiate between basic research designed to shed light on the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying deceptive behavior and applied research aimed at detecting lies. We also stress the distinction between paradigms attempting to detect deception directly and those attempting to establish involvement by detecting crime-related knowledge, and discuss the methodological difficulties and threats to validity associated with each paradigm. Our conclusion is that the main challenge of future research is to find paradigms that can isolate cognitive factors associated with deception, rather than the discovery of a unique (brain) correlate of lying. We argue that the Comparison Question Test currently applied in many countries has weak scientific validity, which cannot be remedied by using neuroimaging measures. Other paradigms are promising, but the absence of data from ecologically valid studies poses a challenge for legal admissibility of their outcomes.

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“…Third, recently Peth et al (2012) manipulated the level of stress during mock-crime execution and found that level of stress did not affect the relative responses to the critical CIT items with electrodermal, respiration, and cardiovascular measures. Furthermore, the data revealed that under the high arousal level, detection efficiency based on central items tended to be unaffected by delaying the test.…”

Section: Weaknesses and Potential Limitations Of The Citmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the data revealed that under the high arousal level, detection efficiency based on central items tended to be unaffected by delaying the test. The authors concluded that, “emotional arousal might facilitate the detection of concealed information sometime after the crime occurred” (Peth et al, 2012, p. 381).…”

Section: Weaknesses and Potential Limitations Of The Citmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Research and Potential Applications of the Concealed Information Test: An Overview

Ben‐Shakhar¹

2012

Front. Psychology

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Research interest in psychophysiological detection of deception has significantly increased since the September 11 terror attack in the USA. In particular, the concealed information test (CIT), designed to detect memory traces that can connect suspects to a certain crime, has been extensively studied. In this paper I will briefly review several psychophysiological detection paradigms that have been studied, with a focus on the CIT. The theoretical background of the CIT, its strength and weaknesses, its potential applications as well as research finings related to its validity (based on a recent meta-analytic study), will be discussed. Several novel research directions, with a focus on factors that may affect CIT detection in realistic settings (e.g., memory for crime details; the effect of emotional stress during crime execution) will be described. Additionally, research focusing on mal-intentions and attempts to detect terror networks using information gathered from groups of suspects using both the standard CIT and the searching CIT will be reviewed. Finally, implications of current research to the actual application of the CIT will be discussed and several recommendations that can enhance the use of the CIT will be made.

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Emotional arousal modulates the encoding of crime‐related details and corresponding physiological responses in the Concealed Information Test

Cited by 42 publications

References 53 publications

RT-based memory detection: Item saliency effects in the single-probe and the multiple-probe protocol.

RT-based memory detection: Item saliency effects in the single-probe and the multiple-probe protocol.

Deception detection with behavioral, autonomic, and neural measures: Conceptual and methodological considerations that warrant modesty

Current Research and Potential Applications of the Concealed Information Test: An Overview

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