Emotion-relevant impulsivity predicts sustained anger and aggression after remission in bipolar I disorder

Johnson, Sheri L.; Carver, Charles S.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.07.050

Cited by 48 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Across two samples (Muhtadie et al., ), people with remitted bipolar disorder describe experiencing difficulties with impulsive responses to emotion. Joining with previous findings that Positive Urgency is related to aggression, poor functioning, and low quality of life within bipolar disorder (Johnson & Carver, ; Muhtadie et al., ; Victor et al., ), our findings provide another example of a key outcome tied to emotion‐triggered impulsivity. It is of particular interest that significant effects emerged for a measure of impulsive responses during positively valenced states.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Suicidality in Bipolar Disorder: The Role of Emotion‐Triggered Impulsivity

Johnson

Carver

Tharp

2016

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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A growing body of research suggests that impulsive responses to emotion more robustly predict suicidality than do other forms of impulsivity. This issue has not yet been examined within bipolar disorder, however. Participants diagnosed with bipolar I disorder (n = 133) and control participants (n = 110) diagnosed with no mood or psychotic disorder completed self-report measures of emotion-triggered impulsivity (Negative and Positive Urgency Scales) and interviews concerning lifetime suicidality. Analyses examined the effects of emotion-triggered impulsivity alone and in combination with gender, age of onset, depression severity, comorbid anxiety, comorbid substance use, and medication. A history of suicide ideation and attempts, as well as self-harm, were significantly more common in the bipolar disorder group compared with the control group. Impulsive responses to positive emotions related to suicide ideation, attempts, and self-harm within the bipolar group. Findings extend research on the importance of emotion-triggered impulsivity to a broad range of key outcomes within bipolar disorder. The discussion focuses on limitations and potential clinical implications.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Suicidality in Bipolar Disorder: The Role of Emotion‐Triggered Impulsivity

Johnson

Carver

Tharp

2016

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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“…Patients often present their own affective states as mania, depression or mixture of both [18, 48], they also consistently show increased sexual thoughts, desire, and activity [15, 16]. The perception, cognition and behavior under erotic stimulation, might be linked to more excitation of cerebral areas such as the prefrontal, hypothalamus and cingulate cortices [49], which in turn delayed the activation of brainstem inhibitory interneurons, thus delaying the latencies of ES1 and ES2 under erotica.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory brainstem reflexes under external emotional-stimuli in bipolar I and II disorders

Zhu¹,

Wang²,

Shen³

et al. 2017

BMC Psychiatry

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BackgroundBipolar disorder types I (BD I) and II (BD II) might present different dysfunctions of the cortex and brainstem, as reflected by the second exteroceptive suppression period of temporalis muscle activity (ES2) under different stimuli of external emotions.MethodsThis study included 30 BD I and 20 BD II patients, and 40 healthy volunteers. All participants were invited to answer the Mood Disorder Questionnaire, the Hypomania Checklist-32, and the Plutchik-van Praag Depression inventory, as well as to undergo the ES2 test under external emotional-stimuli (emotional pictures plus sounds) of Disgust, Erotica, Fear, Happiness, and Sadness.ResultsThe scale scores were elevated in both patient groups, but were not correlated with ES2 parameters. Compared to healthy controls, BD I showed prolonged ES2 latency under Erotica, and their perceived happiness and sadness intensities were negatively correlated with the respective ES2 durations, while BD II showed prolonged ES2 latencies under Disgust and Happiness, and shortened ES2 durations under Disgust, Happiness and Sadness. Moreover, ES2 duration under Sadness was significantly shorter in BD II than that in BD I.ConclusionsThe cortico-brainstem inhibitory dysfunctions in BD I and BD II was different, and this difference was independent of the patient’s ongoing emotions. Our study thus provides some hints to distinguish the two types of bipolar disorders.

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“…We used subscales (with three items each) of Anger, Physical Aggression, and Verbal Aggression, and omitted Hostility, which is conceptually distinct and showed only moderate correlations with the other subscales. The AQ subscales have been shown to be elevated in individuals with severe psychopathology diagnoses, and to be correlated with suicidality and narcissism (Barnett & Powell, ; Johnson & Carver, ; Menon, Sarkar, Kattimani, & Mathan, ). Respondents answered on a scale ranging from 1 = extremely uncharacteristic of me to 5 = extremely characteristic of me .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After informed consent procedures, participants completed the questionnaires just described. A subset of these participants participated in individual laboratory‐based assessments after completing questionnaires, which have been reported previously (Johnson et al ., , ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A path model of different forms of impulsivity with externalizing and internalizing psychopathology: Towards greater specificity

Johnson

Tharp

Peckham

et al. 2017

British J Clinic Psychol

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Objectives A growing empirical literature indicates that emotion-related impulsivity (compared to impulsivity that is unrelated to emotion) is particularly relevant for understanding a broad range of psychopathologies. Recent work, however, has differentiated two forms of emotion-related impulsivity: A factor termed Pervasive Influence of Feelings captures tendencies for emotions (mostly negative emotions) to quickly shape thoughts. A factor termed Feelings Trigger Action captures tendencies for positive and negative emotions to quickly and reflexively shape behavior and speech. The current study used path modeling to consider links from emotion-related and non-emotion-related impulsivity to a broad range of psychopathologies. Design and Methods Undergraduates completed self-report measures of impulsivity, depression, anxiety, aggression, and substance use symptoms. Results A path model (N = 261) indicated specificity of these forms of impulsivity. Pervasive Influence of Feelings was related to anxiety and depression, whereas Feelings Trigger Action and non-emotion-related impulsivity were related to aggression and substance use. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that emotion-relevant impulsivity could be a potentially important treatment target for a set of psychopathologies.

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Emotion-relevant impulsivity predicts sustained anger and aggression after remission in bipolar I disorder

Cited by 48 publications

References 76 publications

Suicidality in Bipolar Disorder: The Role of Emotion‐Triggered Impulsivity

Suicidality in Bipolar Disorder: The Role of Emotion‐Triggered Impulsivity

Inhibitory brainstem reflexes under external emotional-stimuli in bipolar I and II disorders

A path model of different forms of impulsivity with externalizing and internalizing psychopathology: Towards greater specificity

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