Emotion regulation and positive affect in the context of salivary alpha‐amylase response to pain in children with cancer

Jenkins, Brooke N.; Roemer, Ryan J.; Martinez, Ariana; Torres, Tara; Fortier, Michelle A.

doi:10.1002/pbc.26973

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Conflicting findings can be better understood by couching the interpretation of these findings in terms of the types of PA, context, and timing. Momentary high activation PA may be tied to brief sympathetic arousal, but in the context of stress, PA is associated with lower alpha amylase (Jenkins, et al 2018b) and more stable PA is associated with lower sympathetic activity across the day (Doane & Lenten 2014).…”

Section: Mediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Affect and Health: What Do We Know and Where Next Should We Go?

Pressman

Jenkins

Moskowitz

2019

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

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322

308

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Positive affect (PA) is associated with better health across a wide range of physical health outcomes. This review reflects on why the study of PA is an essential component of our understanding of physical health and expands on pathways that connect these two variables. To encourage forward movement in this burgeoning research area, measurement and design issues in the study of PA and health are discussed, as are the connections between PA and a range of different health outcomes. Plausible biological, social, and behavioral pathways that allow for positive feelings to get under the skin and influence physical wellness are detailed and framed in the context of several theoretical models. Finally, new directions for the field and important methodological and interpretative considerations that are essential to moving this important research area forward are explored.

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Section: Mediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Affect and Health: What Do We Know and Where Next Should We Go?

Pressman

Jenkins

Moskowitz

2019

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

Self Cite

322

308

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“…The most common examples of spoken reassurance in the pediatric pain literature include short, generic statements such as “it's ok” and “don't worry” 3,11,18 . Importantly, the different qualities of the construct of reassurance have not yet been sufficiently explored in the pediatric literature 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 The most common examples of spoken reassurance in the pediatric pain literature include short, generic statements such as "it's ok" and "don't worry". 3,11,18 Importantly, the different qualities of the construct of reassurance have not yet been sufficiently explored in the pediatric literature. 11 In particular, little research has considered the range of behaviors and actions beyond these generic statements which are undertaken by nurses with the intention of reassuring children experiencing pain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How nurses use reassurance to support the management of acute and chronic pain in children and young people: An exploratory, interpretative qualitative study

Carter

Harris

Jordan

2021

Paediatric and Neonatal Pain

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Reassurance in the context of pediatric pain is regarded to promote distress. Typically, spoken reassurance is reported as short, generic statements (“it's ok,” “don't worry”); little research has considered wider reassuring behaviors and actions undertaken by nurses. Most studies focus on unidirectional, dyadic relationships between reassurance and pain (parent‐to‐child, professional‐to‐child) failing to capture the inherent complexities. Adopting an exploratory, interpretative, and qualitative approach, this paper reports on findings from the qualitative interview component of a mixed‐methods study, concerning how nurses actively use reassurance when talking to children and their parents about pain. Eighteen nurses with experience of managing children's pain were recruited on completion of an international online survey (distributed by pain and children's nursing networks and via newsletter, email, and social media). All 18 nurses completed a semi‐structured interview concerning their experiences of managing children's pain working in the UK (n = 14), Canada (n = 3), and Australia (n = 1) in primary, secondary, and tertiary settings with nursing experience ranging from pre‐qualification to >20 years. Thematic analysis generated three themes which reflect the main ways in which nurses focus their reassurance within encounters with children and their parent(s): (a) on child and parent(s), (b) on the child, and (c) on the parent. Nurses generated reassurance using language, gesture, relationship building, individualizing approaches, education, and preparation. The study highlights the diversity of reassurance provided by nurses in relation to children's pain. Our study finds that when nurses reassure children about pain, they focus their reassurance in three distinct directions (child, parents, and children and parents in partnership); this has not been specifically acknowledged by previous research. We highlight the wide range of implicit and explicit reassurance actions undertaken by nurses and propose that reassurance that extends beyond limited vocalizations is part of a complex package of care that can support children's current and future pain experiences.

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“…This pattern showcases how adolescents with chronic pain may regulate their emotions by avoiding activities. Consequently, a focus on developing more adaptive emotion regulation skills, such as reappraisal to reframe the pain or avoided situations in a positive way, should be an important early component of IIPT to provide adolescents with the appropriate tools to attenuate stressful situations (Jenkins et al., 2018). Furthermore, the findings also further support the central role of gradual exposure to age‐appropriate situations and activities within IIPT, to increase the adolescents’ confidence in their skills to engage in such age‐appropriate activities without increasing or inducing uncontrollable pain (Lalouni et al., 2016; Simons et al., 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which passengers are on your bus? A taxonomy of the barriers adolescents with chronic pain face in achieving functional recovery

Jacobs

Smith

Heathcote

et al. 2020

European Journal of Pain

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BackgroundDespite evidence that intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) is effective in facilitating functional recovery in adolescents with chronic pain, engagement with IIPT is suboptimal among adolescents. A key aspect of IIPT is to support functional recovery via (re)engagement with age‐appropriate daily activities. The aim of this study was to gain a comprehensive insight into adolescents’ perceptions of the barriers they need to overcome to engage with age‐appropriate activities in order to achieve functional recovery.MethodsForty‐one adolescents who were starting an IIPT programme completed the ‘passenger‐on‐the‐bus metaphor’, an exercise in which they identify and describe their perceived barriers (i.e. ‘passengers’ on their bus) that prevent them from engaging with age‐appropriate activities. The responses were analysed using inductive thematic analyses to generate a taxonomy of perceived barriers to functional recovery.ResultsWe generated a taxonomy of seven different barriers that participants described facing on their road to functional recovery: physical constraints, being ‘fed up’, low self‐confidence and self‐esteem, perfectionism, avoidance of engagement with pain, feelings (such as sadness, anger, guilt, anxiety) and social barriers (received from a range of sources such as parents, friends, school and wider society).ConclusionThe findings reveal a variety of barriers that were perceived to hinder functional recovery through reduced engagement with age‐appropriate activities and thereby hamper progress within IIPT. The Passenger on the bus metaphor can be used to identify similar barriers faced by adolescents in an individualized treatment approach, thereby making it possible for clinicians to target their IIPT more precisely.

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Emotion regulation and positive affect in the context of salivary alpha‐amylase response to pain in children with cancer

Abstract: Specific emotion regulation strategies, such as distraction and reappraisal, may attenuate the stress response to pain in pediatric patients with cancer, and positive affect may confer resilience in response to pain even with use of less effective coping strategies such as reassurance.

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Positive Affect and Health: What Do We Know and Where Next Should We Go?

Positive Affect and Health: What Do We Know and Where Next Should We Go?

How nurses use reassurance to support the management of acute and chronic pain in children and young people: An exploratory, interpretative qualitative study

Which passengers are on your bus? A taxonomy of the barriers adolescents with chronic pain face in achieving functional recovery

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