Emotion processing in treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine: An fMRI study

Potvin, Stéphane; Tikàsz, Andràs; Lungu, Ovidiu; Dumais, Alexandre; Stip, Émmanuel; Mendrek, Adrianna

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.07.046

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(27 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… 62 These latter results might reflect a hyperactivation of the ACC during the viewing of emotionally neutral stimuli, as SCZ−V have been reported to assign abnormal salience to neutral stimuli. 42 – 44 Nevertheless, the results of the current study show that ACC hyperactivations distinguished SCZ−V from the two other groups. Based on the extant literature, dysfunctions in the prefrontal lobe, amygdala, or subcortical nuclei might have been expected in SCZ+V.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…However, the potential effects of antipsychotics on the neural correlates of emotion processing are highly inconsistent. 42 , 67 – 70 Moreover, no group differences were detected in chlorpromazine-equivalent dose, and chlorpromazine equivalents did not correlate with brain activity. Further, the proportions of participants with SCZ receiving clozapine did not differ between groups, and clozapine had no significant influence on results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings show that persons with schizophrenia assign abnormal salience to neutral material. 42 – 44 Therefore, it is also important to explore the neural response to neutral stimuli when examining emotional processing in SCZ+V.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Anterior cingulate hyperactivations during negative emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violent behavior

Tikàsz

Potvin

Lungu

et al. 2016

NDT

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundEvidence suggests a 2.1–4.6 times increase in the risk of violent behavior in schizophrenia compared to the general population. Current theories propose that the processing of negative emotions is defective in violent individuals and that dysfunctions within the neural circuits involved in emotion processing are implicated in violence. Although schizophrenia patients show enhanced sensitivity to negative stimuli, there are only few functional neuroimaging studies that have examined emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violence.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to identify the brain regions with greater neurofunctional alterations, as detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging during an emotion processing task, of men with schizophrenia who had engaged in violent behavior compared with those who had not.MethodsSixty men were studied; 20 with schizophrenia and a history of violence, 19 with schizophrenia and no violence, and 21 healthy men were scanned while viewing positive, negative, and neutral images.ResultsNegative images elicited hyperactivations in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), left and right lingual gyrus, and the left precentral gyrus in violent men with schizophrenia, compared to nonviolent men with schizophrenia and healthy men. Neutral images elicited hyperactivations in the right and left middle occipital gyrus, left lingual gyrus, and the left fusiform gyrus in violent men with schizophrenia, compared to the other two groups.DiscussionViolent men with schizophrenia displayed specific increases in ACC in response to negative images. Given the role of the ACC in information integration, these results indicate a specific dysfunction in the processing of negative emotions that may trigger violent behavior in men with schizophrenia.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Anterior cingulate hyperactivations during negative emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violent behavior

Tikàsz

Potvin

Lungu

et al. 2016

NDT

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to this model, delusional thinking would emerge from a cognitive attempt to organize these aberrantly salient experiences. Consistently with this model, three studies found associations between increased brain reactivity to neutral stimuli and positive symptoms in schizophrenia ( 18 , 27 , 31 ); however, two studies have found an association between brain reactivity to neutral stimuli and negative symptoms in schizophrenia ( 16 , 26 ), and only a paucity of studies ( n = 7) have examined potential associations with psychiatric symptoms. Although the results described in the current review are consistent with the aberrant salience hypothesis, one of the implicit assumptions of this hypothesis is that the chaotic attribution of motivational value to irrelevant stimuli is not explained by the subtle characteristics of stimuli, and that nearly any kind of stimuli can elicit these aberrant experiences.…”

Section: Explanatory Modelsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Emotionally Neutral Stimuli Are Not Neutral in Schizophrenia: A Mini Review of Functional Neuroimaging Studies

2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reliable evidence shows that schizophrenia patients tend to experience negative emotions when presented with emotionally neutral stimuli. Similarly, several functional neuroimaging studies show that schizophrenia patients have increased activations in response to neutral material. However, results are heterogeneous. Here, we review the functional neuroimaging studies that have addressed this research question. Based on the 36 functional neuroimaging studies that we retrieved, it seems that the increased brain reactivity to neutral stimuli is fairly common in schizophrenia, but that the regions involved vary considerably, apart from the amygdala. Prefrontal and cingulate sub-regions and the hippocampus may also be involved. By contrasts, results in individuals at risk for psychosis are less consistent. In schizophrenia patients, results are less consistent in the case of studies using non-facial stimuli, explicit processing paradigms, and/or event-related designs. This means that human faces may convey subtle information (e.g., trustworthiness) other than basic emotional expressions. It also means that the aberrant brain reactivity to neutral stimuli is less likely to occur when experimental paradigms are too cognitively demanding as well as in studies lacking statistical power. The main hypothesis proposed to account for this increased brain reactivity to neutral stimuli is the aberrant salience hypothesis of psychosis. Other investigators propose that the aberrant brain reactivity to neutral stimuli in schizophrenia results from abnormal associative learning, untrustworthiness judgments, priming effects, and/or reduced habituation to neutral stimuli. In the future, the effects of antipsychotics on this aberrant brain reactivity will need to be determined, as well as the potential implication of sex/gender.

show abstract

“…Current theories of schizophrenia implicate the attribution of aberrant salience to irrelevant stimuli and a disturbed sense of self (Kapur, ; Van der Weiden, Prikken, & van Haren, ). Neuroimaging studies indicate that neural pathways underlying these functions include the striatum, hippocampus, and the subcortical dopamine system, and are impaired in adult patients with psychosis and youth at risk for psychosis (Bastos‐Leite et al., ; Curcic‐Blake, van der Meer, Pijnenborg, David, & Aleman, ; Debbané et al., ; Hall et al., ; Potvin et al., ; Seifert et al., ; Van Buuren, Vink, Rapcencu, & Kahn, ). The main cannabinoid receptor (CB1), which has been shown to play a role in brain maturation (Higuera‐Matas, Ucha, & Ambrosio, ), is found in high concentrations in these neural pathways (Pertwee, ).…”

Section: Psychosis Risk and Substance Use Risk In Adolescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Research Review: On the developmental neuropsychology of substance use disorders

Conrod

Nikolaou

2016

Child Psychology Psychiatry

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Adolescence represents a period of development during which critical biological, as well as social and cognitive, changes occur that are necessary for the transition into adulthood. A number of researchers have suggested that the pattern of normative brain changes that occurs during this period not only predisposes adolescents to engage in risk behaviours, such as experimentation with drugs, but that they additionally make the adolescent brain more vulnerable to the direct pharmacological impact of substances of abuse. The neural circuits that we examine in this review involve cortico-basal-ganglia/limbic networks implicated in the processing of rewards, emotion regulation, and the control of behaviour, emotion and cognition. Findings and Conclusions: We identify certain neurocognitive and personality/comorbidity-based risk factors for the onset of substance misuse during adolescence, and summarise the evidence suggesting that these risk factors may be further impacted by the direct effect of drugs on the underlying neural circuits implicated in substance misuse vulnerability.

show abstract

Emotion processing in treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine: An fMRI study

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Anterior cingulate hyperactivations during negative emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violent behavior

Anterior cingulate hyperactivations during negative emotion processing among men with schizophrenia and a history of violent behavior

Emotionally Neutral Stimuli Are Not Neutral in Schizophrenia: A Mini Review of Functional Neuroimaging Studies

Annual Research Review: On the developmental neuropsychology of substance use disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About