Emotion processing and theory of mind in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected first-degree relatives

Achával, Delfina de; Costanzo, Elsa Y.; Villarreal, Mirta F.; Jáuregui, Ignacio Oscar; Chiodi, Araceli; Castro, Mariana N.; Fahrer, Rodolfo; Leiguarda, R; Chu, Elvina M.; Guinjoan, Salvador M.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.12.019

Cited by 114 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…We found one study through our PubMed literature search that examined FEP in two clinical high risk groups (one group with prodromal symptoms and another group of unaffected firstdegree relatives); results indicated no sex differences in performance on either an identification or discrimination FEP task [86] . In sum, of 10 studies that examined sex differences in samples that included a group of unaffected firstdegree relatives of people with schizophrenia, eight did not find sex differences on either identification or discrimination tasks [31,73,76,[80][81][82][83]86] . Two studies found that women, including first-degree relatives, people with schizophrenia, and healthy controls, outperformed men on an identification FEP task [84,85] .…”

Section: Unaffected First-degree Relativesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Six studies did not find differences between men and women on an identification task [31,76,[80][81][82][83] or on a discrimination task [80] . Two studies found that women, across diagnostic groups of first-degree relatives, outperformed men on FEP identification tasks [84,85] .…”

Section: Unaffected First-degree Relativesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Twenty-two studies examined sex differences in FEP in adult samples of chronically ill people with schizophrenia. The majority of these studies (n = 19) did not find sex differences in FEP, either on identification tasks [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] , discrimination tasks [42,43] , or in studies that included both task types [44][45][46][47][48][49] . Three studies included in Kohler et al [7] , Chan et al [5] , and Savla et al [9] found sex differences in FEP performance on identification tasks in adults with chronic schizophrenia.…”

Section: Adults With Chronic Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Mote

Kring

2016

WJP

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AIM:To review the literature on sex differences in facial emotion perception (FEP) across the schizophrenia spectrum. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of empirical articles that were included in five separate meta-analyses of FEP across the schizophrenia spectrum, including meta-analyses that predominantly examined adults with chronic schizophrenia, people with early (onset prior to age 18) or recent-onset (experiencing their first or second psychotic episode or illness duration less than 2 years) schizophrenia, and unaffected first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia. We also examined articles written in English (from November 2011 through June 2015) that were not included in the aforementioned metaanalyses through a literature search in the PubMed database. All relevant articles were accessed in full text. We examined all studies to determine the sample sizes, diagnostic characteristics, demographic information, methodologies, results, and whether each individual study reported on sex differences. The results from the meta-analyses themselves as well as the individual studies are reported in tables and text. RESULTS:We retrieved 134 articles included in five separate meta-analyses and the PubMed database that examined FEP across the schizophrenia spectrum. Of these articles, 38 examined sex differences in FEP. Thirty of these studies did not find sex differences in FEP in either chronically ill adults with schizophrenia, early-onset or recently diagnosed people with schizophrenia, or first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia. Of the eight studies that found sex differences in FEP, three found that chronically ill women outperformed men, one study found that girls with early-onset schizophrenia outperformed boys, and two studies found that women (including first-degree relatives, adults with schizophrenia, and the healthy control group) outperformed men on FEP tasks. In total, six of the eight studies that examined sex differences in FEP found that women outperformed men across the SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS Core tip: People with schizophrenia exhibit deficits in facial emotion perception (FEP) compared to healthy controls. These deficits are associated with poorer functioning and more severe symptoms. Although the literature to date suggests that there are few sex differences in FEP in schizophrenia, continued assessment of sex differences in FEP can help researchers and clinicians better understand other sex differences in the disorder and assist in treatment development aimed at improving functioning in people with schizophrenia. This review summarizes and critically evaluates the literature on FEP across the schizophrenia spectrum, focusing on the evidence related to sex differences in FEP.Mote J, Kring AM. Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter? World J Psychiatr 2016; 6(2): 257-268

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Section: Unaffected First-degree Relativesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Unaffected First-degree Relativesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Adults With Chronic Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Mote

Kring

2016

WJP

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“…2008; de Achaval et al. 2010). Facial emotion processing was measured with the Degraded Facial Affect Recognition task (DFAR) using the overall proportion of correct answers (van ‘t Wout et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced specialized processing in psychotic disorder: a graph theoretical analysis of cerebral functional connectivity

et al. 2016

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BackgroundPrevious research has shown that the human brain can be represented as a complex functional network that is characterized by specific topological properties, such as clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, and global/local efficiency. Patients with psychotic disorder may have alterations in these properties with respect to controls, indicating altered efficiency of network organization. This study examined graph theoretical changes in relation to differential genetic risk for the disorder and aimed to identify clinical correlates.MethodsAnatomical and resting‐state MRI brain scans were obtained from 73 patients with psychotic disorder, 83 unaffected siblings, and 72 controls. Topological measures (i.e., clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, and small‐worldness) were used as dependent variables in a multilevel random regression analysis to investigate group differences. In addition, associations with (subclinical) psychotic/cognitive symptoms were examined.ResultsPatients had a significantly lower clustering coefficient compared to siblings and controls, with no difference between the latter groups. No group differences were observed for characteristic path length and small‐worldness. None of the topological properties were associated with (sub)clinical psychotic and cognitive symptoms.ConclusionsThe reduced ability for specialized processing (reflected by a lower clustering coefficient) within highly interconnected brain regions observed in the patient group may indicate state‐related network alterations. There was no evidence for an intermediate phenotype and no evidence for psychopathology‐related alterations.

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“…Montag and colleagues reported impairments in ToM reasoning in parents and siblings of schizophrenic patients (not explained by other aspects of neurocognitive measures) using the 'Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition' video-based task [87]. de Achával and colleagues [89] found that unaffected first-degree relatives showed underperformance on the Faces Test, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test and the detection of social Faux Pas. Similar to previous studies, as above, ToM impairments were reported independent of performance in general cognitive processes.…”

Section: First-degree Relatives Of Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of Mind in the Early Course of Schizophrenia

Vyas

et al. 2017

CPSR

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Theory of mind deficit is a core feature of schizophrenia and is considered a vulnerability marker of the disorder. The majority of studies measuring theory of mind in schizophrenia involve multiple-episode or chronic schizophrenia patients, and therefore it is important to delineate whether these deficits occur before or following illness-onset by assessing high-risk subjects (clinical high risk and ultra-high risk), early-onset psychosis, and first-degree relatives. We address the question of whether theory of mind impairment is specific or a facet of general cognitive impairment in these clinical populations, and incorporate genetic and neuroimaging studies on theory of mind. The review provides a succinct evaluation of the literature, discusses current limitations and proposes future directions.

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Emotion processing and theory of mind in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected first-degree relatives

Cited by 114 publications

References 56 publications

Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Reduced specialized processing in psychotic disorder: a graph theoretical analysis of cerebral functional connectivity

Theory of Mind in the Early Course of Schizophrenia

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