Emotion expression and the locution “I love you”: A cross-cultural study

Wilkins, Richard; Gareis, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.07.003

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Using a more elaborate and complex representation, children were gradually able to access more expressive ideas to depict the emotion of love in their drawings (Brechet et al., ; Jolley, ). For instance, the increasing use of the indicator ‘speech’ with age is likely to be related to children's developing comprehension that words are a powerful medium through which romantic love can be expressed (i.e., a love declaration; Wilkins & Gareis, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Representation of Romantic Love in Children's Drawings: Age and Gender Differences

Brechet

2015

Social Development

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This study was designed to fill our current knowledge gap in children's representation of romantic love. To this end, we used a drawing task: 127 children ages 6 to 10 were asked to draw a person and a person in love. Performing content analysis, we identified seven graphic indicators used by children to depict romantic love in their drawings. As expected, results exhibited age and gender differences. First, older children used a higher number of graphic indicators than younger children. The use of each type of indicator (except for one) varied with age. Second, girls used a higher number of graphic indicators than boys. These gender differences were specific to three graphic indicators. Results are discussed in terms of children's developing representation of romantic love and of the potential impact of their socio-cultural environment on this representation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Representation of Romantic Love in Children's Drawings: Age and Gender Differences

Brechet

2015

Social Development

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“…Of all the examples given, we see that these popular texts have transcended the stigma surrounding the West, English, and the ideological attachments they carry. In many countries, anti‐American sentiment is strong, as many people believe that ‘American culture’ has a negative influence (Wilkins & Gareis, ). However, the authors suggest that people may gradually submit and adapt to globalized (presumably Western) values.…”

Section: Hybrid Identities Via Code‐switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bahasa gado‐gado: English in Indonesian popular texts

Martin-Anatias

2018

World Englishes

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This study explores the relationship between language selection and identity construction in contemporary Indonesia via an examination of Indonesian popular texts published after 1998. Utilizing an interpretive textual analysis, I examine how the socio-political situation has influenced language selection in the period following Suharto's rule , popularly known as the Reformasi era.Whereas national identity has been heavily government-imposed and homogenous, in large part due to governmental regulation of language use, popular texts demonstrate that Indonesian identities are in fact multi-faceted. I shed light on language selection (bahasa gado-gado) as a strategic mechanism of resistance toward policies and social norms that privilege monolingualism.

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“…Few experiences are as cherished as love, with surveys consistently reporting it to be among the most sought‐after and valorised of human emotions (Wilkins & Gareis, ). At the same time though, few concepts are as contested , with the label encompassing a vast range of phenomena – spanning diverse spectra of intensity, valence, and temporal duration, and being used in relation to a panoply of relationships, objects and experiences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The flavours of love: A cross‐cultural lexical analysis

Lomas

2018

J Theory Soc Behav

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Linguists have often remarked upon the polysemous nature of love, whereby the term encompasses a wide diversity of emotional relationships. Several typologies have been constructed to account for this diversity.However, these tend to be restricted in scope, and fail to fully represent the range of experiences signified by the term 'love' in discourse. In the interest of generating an expanded typology of love, encompassing its varied forms, an enquiry was conducted into relevant concepts found across the world's cultures, focusing on so-called untranslatable words. Through a quasi-systematic search of published and internet sources, 609 relevant words were identified. These were organised through a version of grounded theory into 14 categories, representing 14 different forms or 'flavours' of love. The result is an expanded theoretical treatment of love, allowing us to better appreciate the nuances of this most cherished and yet polysemous of concepts. ;48:134-152. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jtsb love vividly as "an AustroHungarian Empire uniting all sorts of feelings, behaviors, and attitudes, sometimes having little in common." As such, while most words are polysemous, linguists suggest that love is "polysemous in the extreme," as Berscheid (2010, p.6) puts it.Given its polysemous nature, scholars have attempted to create theoretical typologies of different forms of love. One early and particularly influential effort was by John Lee (1973, 1977), who drew on distinctions elucidated in the classical age to identify six 'styles' of loving. (Five of these types were adapted from classical Greek, while the sixth, ludus, is Latinate.) Lee suggested there were three 'primary' forms of love: érōs (romantic, passionate), ludus (flirtatious, playful), and storgē (filial, fraternal, companionate). By pairing these, three further types arose from the permutations: prâgma (rational, sensiblea combination of ludus and storgē), mania (possessive, dependenta combination of érōs and ludus), and agápē (charitable, selflessa combination of érōs and storgē). Lee's typology subsequently received experimental validation, particularly from Hendrick and Hendrick (1986), who devised a 42-item self-report scale and corroborated the six factor structure through factor analysis. Further work then sought to elucidate patterns of association between the types and other factors, For instance, exploring personality attributes, Mallandain and Davies (1994) reported that self-esteem was positively correlated with érōs, and negatively with mania, storgē and agápē. Conversely, emotionality and impulsivity were both positively linked to mania and ludus, while emotionality was negatively associated with érōs.Around the same time, an alternative theoretically-derived typology was developed by Robert Sternberg (1986). His 'triangular' theory of love suggested it arises from the presence and interaction of three principle components: intimacy, passion, and decision/commitment. Their permutations then give rise to seven types of love: liking (int...

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Emotion expression and the locution “I love you”: A cross-cultural study

Cited by 49 publications

References 29 publications

Representation of Romantic Love in Children's Drawings: Age and Gender Differences

Representation of Romantic Love in Children's Drawings: Age and Gender Differences

Bahasa gado‐gado: English in Indonesian popular texts

The flavours of love: A cross‐cultural lexical analysis

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