Emissions of organic compounds from the combustion of oats – a comparison with softwood pellets

Perzon, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.01.027

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It has been shown that light-induced heterogeneous reactions of ozone with 4PP, coated on silica with CBP as photosensitiser lead to the formation of compounds with properties and composition similar to humic like substances (HULIS) found in atmospheric aerosols (Nieto-Gligorovski et al, 2008, 2010. The formation of such substances was confirmed by Net et al (2009), where a number of oligomers were identified following either ozone processing or simultaneous ozone processing and light irradiation of 4PP/CBP coated particles.…”

Section: Degradation Of 4pp Coated On Silica Particlesmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…The degradation of 4PP coated on silica particles, induced by heterogeneous reactions with ozone in presence of CBP as a photosensitiser was largely studied by Gligorovski and coworkers (Nieto-Gligorovski et al 2008, Net et al, 2009, 2010. It has been shown that light-induced heterogeneous reactions of ozone with 4PP, coated on silica with CBP as photosensitiser lead to the formation of compounds with properties and composition similar to humic like substances (HULIS) found in atmospheric aerosols (Nieto-Gligorovski et al, 2008, 2010.…”

Section: Degradation Of 4pp Coated On Silica Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are emitted by automobile exhaust, wood burning and industrial sources (Lesh and Mead, 1985;Hawthorne et al, 1988;Hawthorne et al, 1989), but wood burning is expected to be a major source of atmospheric phenols in winter (Hawthorne et al, 1992). Phenols and substituted phenols are produced by lignin pyrolysis and they are thought to be specific tracers for woodsmoke (Simoneit, 2002;Hawthorne et al, 1989;Hawthorne et al, 1988;Bari et al, 2009;Perzon, 2010, Dron et al, 2010. Lignin is the richest source of aromatics in the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phototransformation of 4-phenoxyphenol sensitised by 4-carboxybenzophenone: Evidence of new photochemical pathways in the bulk aqueous phase and on the surface of aerosol deliquescent particles

Laurentiis

Socorro

Vione

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Environment

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Phototransformation of 4-phenoxyphenol sensitised by 4-carboxybenzophenone in aqueous solution and at the aerosol interface: Evidence of new photochemical pathways in the bulk aqueous phase and on the surface of aerosol deliquescent particles. Atmos. Environ. 2013, 81, 569-578. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013 You may download, copy and otherwise use the AAM for non-commercial purposes provided that your license is limited by the following restrictions:(1) You may use this AAM for non-commercial purposes only under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND license.(2) The integrity of the work and identification of the author, copyright owner, and publisher must be preserved in any copy. AbstractIn addition to direct photolysis, degradation of organic compounds by solar light can also occur by indirect photolysis or photo-sensitised processes. These reactions are important because they are involved in, among others, direct and indirect climate changes, adverse health effects from inhaled particles, effects on cloud chemistry and ozone production. In this work, the importance of atmospheric photo-sensitisation is evaluated in bulk aqueous solution and on the surface of aerosol deliquescent particles. Irradiation experiments in aqueous solution indicate that 4-carboxybenzophenone (CBP) is able to photosensitise the degradation of 4-phenoxyphenol (4PP). The process takes place via the CBP triplet state ( 3 CBP*), which has an oxidising nature. 4PP is fluorescent, unlike the photosensitizer CBP, with two emission bands at ∼320 and ∼380 nm. However, addition of CBP to a 4PP solution considerably decreases the intensity of 4PP fluorescence bands and causes a very intense new band to appear at ∼420 nm. This behaviour suggests a possible interaction between CBP and 4PP in solution, which could favour further light-induced processes. Moreover, the new band overlaps with the fluorescence spectrum of atmospheric HULIS (HUmic-LIke Substances), suggesting that supramolecular photosensitizer-substrate interactions may have a role in HULIS fluorescence properties. The interaction between CBP and 4PP coated on silica particles (gas-solid system) was also investigated under simulated sunlight, and in the presence of variable relative humidity. The water molecules inhibit the degradation of 4PP, induced by 3 CBP* on the surface of aerosol particles, indicating that the process could be even faster on particles than in solution. We demonstrate that phenol substances adsorbed on aerosol surfaces and in bulk solution are substantially altered upon photosensitised processes.

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Section: Degradation Of 4pp Coated On Silica Particlesmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Degradation Of 4pp Coated On Silica Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phototransformation of 4-phenoxyphenol sensitised by 4-carboxybenzophenone: Evidence of new photochemical pathways in the bulk aqueous phase and on the surface of aerosol deliquescent particles

Laurentiis

Socorro

Vione

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Environment

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“…Biomass pellets, as a cleaner alternative of the raw biomass, have been deployed in the last several decades in many countries, like Sweden, United States, and also China (Boman et al, 2011; Johansson, et al, 2004; Olsson et al, 2003; Perzon, 2010). In Sweden, consumption of biomass pellets in residential sector increases at an annual rate of 30% (Olsson et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from biomass pellet burning in a modern burner for cooking in China

Shen

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2012

Atmospheric Environment

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Biomass pellets are undergoing fast deployment widely in the world, including China. To this stage, there were limited studies on the emissions of various organic pollutants from the burning of those pellets. In addition to parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, oxygenated PAHs (oPAHs) have been received increased concerns. In this study, emission factors of oPAHs (EFoPAHs) were measured for two types of pellets made from corn straw and pine wood, respectively. Two combustion modes with (mode II) and without (mode I) secondary side air supply in a modern pellet burner were investigated. For the purpose of comparison, EFoPAHs for raw fuels combusted in a traditional cooking stove were also measured. EFoPAHs were 348±305 and 396±387 µg/kg in the combustion mode II for pine wood and corn straw pellets, respectively. In mode I, measured EFoPAHs were 77.7±49.4 and 189±118 µg/kg, respectively. EFs in mode II were higher (2–5 times) than those in mode I mainly due to the decreased combustion temperature under more excess air. Compared to EFoPAHs for raw corn straw and pine wood burned in a traditional cooking stove, total EFoPAHs for the pellets in mode I were significantly lower (p < 0.05), likely due to increased combustion efficiencies and change in fuel properties. However, the difference between raw biomass fuels and the pellets burned in mode II was not statistically significant. Taking both the increased thermal efficiencies and decreased EFs into consideration, substantial reduction in oPAH emission can be expected if the biomass pellets can be extensively used by rural residents.

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“…Emissions of PCDD/Fs and PCBs were observed to be unexpectedly high during the combustion of wood (intermittent) and straw (continuous) pellets (Hedman et al, 2006), and the emissions of some toxic organic compounds, such as benzene, naphthalene, and furan were found to be higher in the after-flame phase of pellet burning than in the combustion of raw oat straw (Perzon, 2010). More noteworthy, Shen et al (2012) found that the briquetting of biomass on one hand led to lower emission factors (EFs) for CO, OC, BC, and PM, but on the other hand likely led to elevated EFs for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increase in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions due to briquetting: A challenge to the coal briquetting policy

Chen

Zhi

Feng

et al. 2015

Environmental Pollution

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a b s t r a c tBoth China and UNEP recommend replacing raw coal chunks with coal briquettes in household sector as clean coal technology (CCT), which has been confirmed by the decreased emissions of particulate matter and black carbon. However, the clean effect has never been systematically checked by other pollutants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study, 5 coals with different geological maturities were processed as both chunks and briquettes and burned in 3 typical coal stoves for the measurement of emission factors (EFs) of particle-bound PAHs. It was found that the EFs of 16 parent PAHs, 26 nitrated PAHs, 6 oxygenated PAHs, and 8 alkylated PAHs for coal briquettes were 6.90 ± 7.89, 0.04 ± 0.03, 0.65 ± 0.40, and 72.78 ± 18.23 mg/kg, respectively, which were approximately 3.1, 3.7, 1.9, and 171 times those for coal chunks, respectively. Such significant increases in PAH emissions increased human health risk and challenged the policy of CCT.

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Emissions of organic compounds from the combustion of oats – a comparison with softwood pellets

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Phototransformation of 4-phenoxyphenol sensitised by 4-carboxybenzophenone: Evidence of new photochemical pathways in the bulk aqueous phase and on the surface of aerosol deliquescent particles

Phototransformation of 4-phenoxyphenol sensitised by 4-carboxybenzophenone: Evidence of new photochemical pathways in the bulk aqueous phase and on the surface of aerosol deliquescent particles

Emission of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from biomass pellet burning in a modern burner for cooking in China

Increase in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions due to briquetting: A challenge to the coal briquetting policy

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