Emissions of industrial furnaces burning vanadium‐contained heavy oils

Lin, Cherng-Yuang; Chiu, Ching-Hsiang

doi:10.1080/10934529509376191

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Calcium oxide belongs to the alkaline-earth group oxide, and has a high melting point. Calcium oxide is susceptible to reacting with the impurities of the fuel, such as vanadium oxides [13] and other metallic oxides. [11] It also facilitates the oxidization reaction of the inflammable components such as CO and H 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Calcium Oxide Content in Marine Fuel Oil on Emission Characteristics of Marine Furnaces Under Varying Humidity and Temperature of the Inlet Air

Lin

Chen

2004

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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A marine furnace made of stainless steel. combined with an automatic small-size oil-fired burner, was used to experimentally investigate the influences of calcium oxide content in fuel oil on the combustion and emission characteristics under varying temperatures and humidity of the inlet air. Marine fuel oil generally contains various extents of metallic oxides such as CaO, Fe2O3, V2O5, etc which might affect its burning properties. In this study, an air-conditioner was used to adjust the humidity and temperatures of the inlet air to preset values prior to entering the burner. The adjusted inlet air atomized the marine diesel oil A containing a calcium oxide compound, to form a heterogeneous reactant mixture. The reactant mixture was thereafter ignited by a high-voltage electrode in the burner and burned within the marine furnace. The probes of a gas analyzer, H2S analyzer and a K-type thermocouple were inserted into the radial positions of the furnace through the eight rectangular slots which were cut in the upper side of the furnace. The experimental results showed that an increase of either humidity or temperature of the inlet air caused the promotion of the reaction rate of the fuel. The existence of calcium oxide compound in the diesel fuel also facilitated the oxidation reaction in the combustion chamber. The addition of CaO in the diesel fuel under the conditions of higher temperature or higher relative humidity of the inlet air produced the following: higher concentrations of CO2, SO2, and H2S emissions, an increased burning efficiency, a lowered O2 level, production of excess air and NOx emissions as well as a lower thermal loss and a lower burning gas temperature, as compared with the conditions of a lower temperature or a lower humidity of the inlet air. In addition, the burning of diesel fuel with added CaO compound caused a large variation in the burning efficiency, thermal loss, plus CO2, O2, and excess air emissions between the conditions of higher temperature/higher humidity and lower temperature/lower humidity inlet air compared with no CaO addition in the fuel. Moreover, the burning efficiency and the concentrations of excess air and O2 emissions increased, while the thermal loss, burning gas temperature and H2S, SO2, NOx, and CO2 emissions decreased with the increase of the axial distance from the measured location to the burner nozzle.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Calcium Oxide Content in Marine Fuel Oil on Emission Characteristics of Marine Furnaces Under Varying Humidity and Temperature of the Inlet Air

Lin

Chen

2004

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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“…Because of the increasing concern about the global environment [12], the mandated limits of emissions from burning of fossil fuels under official legislations become more and more stringent [13,14]. Therefore, it is a great interest to realize the emission characteristics of power plants burning with salty air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of oil‐fired furnaces burning with sodium chloride‐contained air

Lin

Hsieh

1995

Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environme

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“…25 The content of vanadium in fuel oil has to be controlled because it can cause incrustation, corrosion and also efficiency loss in furnaces and boilers, 26 besides its contribution to the environmental pollution 27 and of cause problems to human health. [28][29][30] There are few works developed for the determination of vanadium in fuel oil using spectroanalytical techniques such as flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), 31 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), 11 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), 32 and GF AAS. 23 In the present paper, two sample treatment approaches based on sample microemulsification and acid digestion aiming at the vanadium determination in fuel oil by GF AAS were established and compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for vanadium determination in fuel oil by GF AAS with microemulsification and acid digestion sampling

Amorim

Lima

Amaro

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Dois métodos para determinação de vanádio em óleo combustível são propostos utilizando GF AAS. O primeiro é baseado na preparação de uma microemulsão da amostra que é diretamente injetada no tubo de grafite. As temperaturas de pirólise e atomização, 1500 e 2700 °C, respectivamente, foram otimizadas a partir das curvas de temperatura. Para este procedimento obteve-se um limite de detecção de 0,10 μg g -1 e uma massa característica de 87 pg. O outro método utiliza digestão da amostra com ácido sulfúrico, ácido nítrico e peróxido de hidrogênio. As temperaturas de pirólise e atomização, otimizadas, foram 1000 e 2700 °C, respectivamente. Para este procedimento, obteve-se um limite de detecção de 0,25 μg g -1 e uma massa característica de 63 pg. A exatidão de ambos os métodos foi confirmada pela análise do material de referência certificado NIST SRM 1634c-trace metals in fuel oil.Two methods for vanadium determination in fuel oil are proposed using GF AAS. The first is based on the preparation of a microemulsion followed by direct injection into the graphite tube. The pyrolysis and atomization temperatures, 1500 and 2700 °C, respectively, were chosen from the temperature curves. This procedure allows determination of vanadium with a detection limit of 0.10 μg g -1 and characteristic mass of 87 pg. The other method uses total acid digestion of the sample with sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. In this procedure, the pyrolysis and atomization temperatures recommended were 1000 and 2700 °C, respectively. Among the analytical characteristics for this method are a detection limit of 0.25 μg g -1 and a characteristic mass of 63 pg. The accuracy of both procedures was confirmed by the determination of vanadium in the certified reference material NIST SRM 1634c-trace metals in fuel oil.Keywords: vanadium, fuel oil, microemulsion, digestion sample, GF AAS IntroductionThe determination of metals and non-metals in petroleum and its derivatives is of great interest regarding the quality of oil and for environmental aspects. The most difficult part is usually the sample preparation, the most reliable procedure being ashing of the sample and analysis of the residue after taking up in hydrochloric acid. 1 However, this procedure is quite tedious and requires careful control to avoid analyte losses, and even microwave-assisted digestion procedures require relatively long time. 2 Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GF AAS) is offering advantages over other techniques since the results from a simple dilution with an organic solvent and ashing were found to be practically identical. 3,4 However, stability of metal concentration in sample and calibration solutions might become a serious problem 1567 Amorim et al. Vol. 18, No. 8, 2007 under these conditions. 5,6 The formation and analysis of an oil-in-water emulsion or microemulsion instead of a dilution of the oil sample with an organic solvent has been proposed to avoid this problem. [7][8][9][10][11] Fuel oil is a highly viscous residual fraction of petrol...

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Emissions of industrial furnaces burning vanadium‐contained heavy oils

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Influences of Calcium Oxide Content in Marine Fuel Oil on Emission Characteristics of Marine Furnaces Under Varying Humidity and Temperature of the Inlet Air

Influences of Calcium Oxide Content in Marine Fuel Oil on Emission Characteristics of Marine Furnaces Under Varying Humidity and Temperature of the Inlet Air

Emissions of oil‐fired furnaces burning with sodium chloride‐contained air

Methods for vanadium determination in fuel oil by GF AAS with microemulsification and acid digestion sampling

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