Emissions lifetimes and ozone formation in power plant plumes

Ryerson, Thomas B.; Buhr, M. P.; Frost, G. J.; Goldan, P. D.; Holloway, J. S.; Hübler, G.; Jobson, B. T.; Kuster, W. C.; McKeen, S. A.; Parrish, D. D.; Roberts, J. M.; Sueper, D.; Trainer, M.; Williams, Jonathan; Fehsenfeld, F. C.

doi:10.1029/98jd01620

Cited by 205 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…On the other hand, OPEx determined for the larger power plant plumes, such as Cumberland and Paradise, were found to be in the range of 1 to 4 [Gillani et al, 1998b;Ryerson et al, 1998]. Because of the importance of these issues and the unresolved differences between research groups, it is desirable to bring to bear as much evidence as possible on these topics.…”

Section: John Et Al [1998] For Gallatin (After Correcting For Noy Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

NO_y lifetimes and O₃ production efficiencies in urban and power plant plumes: Analysis of field data

Nunnermacker¹,

Kleinman²,

Imre³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. In an effort to describe and characterize power plant plumes in the Nashville region, emissions from a small power plant (Gallatin) and a large power plant (Paradise) were examined using data obtained on the Department of Energy G-1 airborne sampling platform. Observations made on July 3, 7, 15, 17, and 18, 1995, were compiled, and a kinetic analysis of the chemical evolution of the power plant plumes was performed. Analysis of the power plant plume data revealed a very active photochemistry, as had been determined previously for the urban plume. Ozone production efficiencies (OPE), defined as the number of molecules of 03 formed per NOx molecule consumed, were found to be 3 for Gallatin and 2 for Paradise. Lifetimes for NOx (2.8 and 4.2 hours) and NOy (7.0 and 7.7 hours) were determined for Gallatin and Paradise, respectively. These NOx and NOy lifetimes imply rapid loss of NO z (NO•. is assumed to be primarily HNO3). Lifetimes for NOz are calculated to be 3 and 2.5 hours for Gallatin and Paradise, respectively. A sensitivity analysis indicates that the Gallatin NO z lifetime could be as long as 5 hours, bringing it into agreement with the value determined for the Nashville urban plume. It is unlikely that the Paradise NO• lifetime is as long as 4 hours. If NO z loss is attributed to dry deposition, a 3 hour lifetime implies a deposition velocity greater than 10 cm s -1, which is much faster than expected based on accepted theory. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.

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Section: John Et Al [1998] For Gallatin (After Correcting For Noy Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

NO_y lifetimes and O₃ production efficiencies in urban and power plant plumes: Analysis of field data

Nunnermacker¹,

Kleinman²,

Imre³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Here, the WP-3 aircraft data are used to determine fluxes in a manner nearly identical to the mass balance approach used by Ryerson et al [1998] to determine NO x and SO 2 fluxes from power generation facilities. Integrated fluxes for isolated sources determined in this manner are found to be quite consistent with observed emissions (i.e., CEMS measurements), and the assumption that this consistency holds for large source regions is implicit in the fluxes derived here.…”

Section: Comparison Of Emissions and Emission Ratios Derived From Upwmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of real‐time air quality forecasts and their urban emissions over eastern Texas during the summer of 2006 Second Texas Air Quality Study field study

et al. 2009

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[1] Forecasts of ozone (O 3 ) and particulate matter (diameter less than 2.5 mm, PM 2.5 ) from seven air quality forecast models (AQFMs) are statistically evaluated against observations collected during August and September of 2006 (49 days) through the Aerometric Information Retrieval Now (AIRNow) network throughout eastern Texas and adjoining states. Ensemble O 3 and PM 2.5 forecasts created by combining the seven separate forecasts with equal weighting, and simple bias-corrected forecasts, are also evaluated in terms of standard statistical measures, threshold statistics, and variance analysis. For O 3 the models and ensemble generally show statistical skill relative to persistence for the entire region, but fail to predict high-O 3 events in the Houston region. For PM 2.5 , none of the models, or ensemble, shows statistical skill, and all but one model have significant low bias. Comprehensive comparisons with the full suite of chemical and aerosol measurements collected aboard the NOAA WP-3 aircraft during the summer 2006 Second Texas Air Quality Study and the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (TexAQS II/GoMACCS) field study are performed to help diagnose sources of model bias at the surface. Aircraft flights specifically designed for sampling of Houston and Dallas urban plumes are used to determine model and observed upwind or background biases, and downwind excess concentrations that are used to infer relative emission rates. Relative emissions from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1999 National Emission Inventory (NEI-99) version 3 emissions inventory (used in two of the model forecasts) are evaluated on the basis of comparisons between observed and model concentration difference ratios. Model comparisons demonstrate that concentration difference ratios yield a reasonably accurate measure (within 25%) of relative input emissions. Boundary layer height and wind data are combined with the observed up-wind and downwind concentration differences to estimate absolute emissions. When the NEI-99 inventory is modified to include observed NO y emissions from continuous monitors and expected NO x decreases from mobile sources between 1999 and 2006, good agreement is found with those derived from the observations for both Houston and Dallas. However, the emission inventories consistently overpredict the ratio of CO to NO y . The ratios of ethylene and aromatics to NO y are reasonably consistent with observations over Dallas, but are significantly underpredicted for Houston.

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“…[12] Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) was measured by pulsed UV fluorescence [Ryerson et al, 1998] with a detection limit on the order of a few hundred pptv. The uncertainty of the measurement is 10% or ±0.3 ppbv.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic emission measurement and inventories determination of biogenic emissions in the eastern United States and Texas and comparison with biogenic emission inventories

et al. 2010

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During the NOAA Southern Oxidant Study 1999 (SOS1999), Texas Air Quality Study 2000 (TexAQS2000), International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT2004), and Texas Air Quality Study 2006 (TexAQS2006) campaigns, airborne measurements of isoprene and monoterpenes were made in the eastern United States and in Texas, and the results are used to evaluate the biogenic emission inventories BEIS3.12, BEIS3.13, MEGAN2, and WM2001. Two methods are used for the evaluation. First, the emissions are directly estimated from the ambient isoprene and monoterpene measurements assuming a well‐mixed boundary layer and are compared with the emissions from the inventories extracted along the flight tracks. Second, BEIS3.12 is incorporated into the detailed transport model FLEXPART, which allows the isoprene and monoterpene mixing ratios to be calculated and compared to the measurements. The overall agreement for all inventories is within a factor of 2 and the two methods give consistent results. MEGAN2 is in most cases higher, and BEIS3.12 and BEIS3.13 lower than the emissions determined from the measurements. Regions with clear discrepancies are identified. For example, an isoprene hot spot to the northwest of Houston, Texas, was expected from BEIS3 but not observed in the measurements. Interannual differences in emissions of about a factor of 2 were observed in Texas between 2000 and 2006.

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Emissions lifetimes and ozone formation in power plant plumes

Cited by 205 publications

References 35 publications

NO_y lifetimes and O₃ production efficiencies in urban and power plant plumes: Analysis of field data

NO_y lifetimes and O₃ production efficiencies in urban and power plant plumes: Analysis of field data

An evaluation of real‐time air quality forecasts and their urban emissions over eastern Texas during the summer of 2006 Second Texas Air Quality Study field study

Biogenic emission measurement and inventories determination of biogenic emissions in the eastern United States and Texas and comparison with biogenic emission inventories

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Emissions lifetimes and ozone formation in power plant plumes

Cited by 205 publications

References 35 publications

NOy lifetimes and O3 production efficiencies in urban and power plant plumes: Analysis of field data

NOy lifetimes and O3 production efficiencies in urban and power plant plumes: Analysis of field data

An evaluation of real‐time air quality forecasts and their urban emissions over eastern Texas during the summer of 2006 Second Texas Air Quality Study field study

Biogenic emission measurement and inventories determination of biogenic emissions in the eastern United States and Texas and comparison with biogenic emission inventories

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NO_y lifetimes and O₃ production efficiencies in urban and power plant plumes: Analysis of field data

NO_y lifetimes and O₃ production efficiencies in urban and power plant plumes: Analysis of field data