Emissions from the Road Traffic of West Africa&amp;rsquo;s Cities: Assessment of Vehicle Fleet and Fuel Consumption

Doumbia, Madina; N’Datchoh, Evelyne Touré; Silué, Siélé; Yoboue, Véronique; Diedhiou, Arona; Hauhouot, Celestin A.

doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0156.v1

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…7 However, several studies have shown that some genotypes of D. alata have the ability to form good dough, comparable to that of D. rotundata. 8,9 The importance of yams in terms of food security has led to the establishment of several genetic improvement programs for D. alata throughout the tropical regions, in order to develop new varieties with high yield, good food quality and resistance to pests and diseases. 3,[10][11][12][13] Sensory quality evaluations of new genotypes are mostly carried out using sensory panels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting quality, texture and chemical content of yam (Dioscorea alataL.) tubers using near infrared spectroscopy

Ehounou

Cornet

Desfontaines

et al. 2021

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy

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Despite the importance of yam ( Dioscorea spp.) tuber quality traits, and more precisely texture attributes, high-throughput screening methods for varietal selection are still lacking. This study sets out to define the profile of good quality pounded yam and provide screening tools based on predictive models using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Seventy-four out of 216 studied samples proved to be moldable, i.e. suitable for pounded yam. While samples with low dry matter (<25%), high sugar (>4%) and high protein (>6%) contents, low hardness (<5 N), high springiness (>0.5) and high cohesiveness (>0.5) grouped mostly non-moldable genotypes, the opposite was not true. This outline definition of a desirable chemotype may allow breeders to choose screening thresholds to support their choice. Moreover, traditional near infrared reflectance spectroscopy quantitative prediction models provided good prediction for chemical aspects (R2 > 0.85 for dry matter, starch, protein and sugar content), but not for texture attributes (R2 < 0.58). Conversely, convolutional neural network classification models enabled good qualitative prediction for all texture parameters but hardness (i.e. an accuracy of 80, 95, 100 and 55%, respectively, for moldability, cohesiveness, springiness and hardness). This study demonstrated the usefulness of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy as a high-throughput way of phenotyping pounded yam quality. Altogether, these results allow for an efficient screening toolbox for quality traits in yams.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting quality, texture and chemical content of yam (Dioscorea alataL.) tubers using near infrared spectroscopy

Ehounou

Cornet

Desfontaines

et al. 2021

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy

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A Case Study of Air Quality and a Health Index over a Port, an Urban and a High-Traffic Location in Rhodes City

Logothetis

Antonopoulou

Zisopoulos

et al. 2023

Air

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One of people’s greatest concerns about air quality degradation is its impact on human health. This work is a case study that aims to investigate the air quality and the related impact on people’s health in a coastal city over the eastern Mediterranean. The analysis proceeded during a low-tourist density period, covering the days from 17 to 27 November 2022. Hourly PM2.5, NO2 and O3 concentration records from three, mobile, Air Quality Monitoring Systems (AQMS), established in an urban location, port and central area of Rhodes city, are analyzed. To investigate the impact of pollution levels on human health, the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is calculated. The daily and diurnal variation of pollutants’ concentration and AQHI among the different areas, as well as the relation among the ambient air pollutants and AQHI, are studied. Additionally, to investigate the impact of wind regime on the variation of pollution and AQHI levels, the hourly zonal and meridional wind-speed components, as well as the temperature at 2 m, the dew point temperature at 2 m, and the height of the boundary layer from ERA5 reanalysis, are retrieved for the region of the southeastern Mediterranean. Results show that the highest pollution level occurs in the city center of Rhodes, compared to the rest of the studied locations. In general, the findings do not show exceedances of the pollutants’ concentration according to the European Directive 2008/50/EC. Moreover, findings show that in some cases, the health risk is classified from Low to Moderate in terms of AQHI. The analysis indicates that the climate conditions affect the pollutants’ concentration due to dispersion, and likely, the atmospheric transport of pollutants. Finally, this work aims to improve the knowledge regarding the air quality of southeastern Greece, promoting the framework for the green and sustainable development of the South Aegean Sea.

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Dispersion of CO Using Computational Fluid Dynamics in a Real Urban Canyon in the City Center of Valencia (Spain)

et al. 2020

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One of the main environmental problems we are currently facing is air pollution. Air quality models calculate how much pollution is emitted and dispersed into the atmosphere. This research presents a Computational Fluid Dynamic model using a real urban geometry for the analysis of CO contamination with a three-dimensional model. This method includes a procedure of calculating emissions using different types of vehicles. CO Measurements are obtained from a Wireless Sensor Network to validate the models. The present study analyzes six representative real cases of different traffic situations and climatic conditions plus 3 hypothetical cases in a hotspot area in the city center of Valencia. The results show what influences pollution levels the most is the wind direction, which influences the generation of velocity patterns. In the validation cases, the real wind direction is used and a slight change produces great differences in both velocities and CO concentration. In the hypothetical cases, parallel and perpendicular winds are defined to observe the differences when this ideal situation is applied. In conclusion, the mixing and transport of air pollutants are closely related to the structures of velocity and turbulence that occur in the air, which depends strongly on the wind direction.

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Emissions from the Road Traffic of West Africa’s Cities: Assessment of Vehicle Fleet and Fuel Consumption

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Predicting quality, texture and chemical content of yam (Dioscorea alataL.) tubers using near infrared spectroscopy

Predicting quality, texture and chemical content of yam (Dioscorea alataL.) tubers using near infrared spectroscopy

A Case Study of Air Quality and a Health Index over a Port, an Urban and a High-Traffic Location in Rhodes City

Dispersion of CO Using Computational Fluid Dynamics in a Real Urban Canyon in the City Center of Valencia (Spain)

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