Emissions Comparison of Alternative Fuels in an Advanced Automotive Diesel Engine

Sirman, Mahadir; Owens, E.C.; Whitney, Kevin A.

doi:10.4271/2000-01-2048

Cited by 44 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A recent report by Sirman et al [5] detailed the emissions behavior of certification diesel and six alternative compression ignition fuels in an unmodified, direct injection 2.2 liter Daimler-Benz OM 611 diesel engine operating at seven steady-state speed and load points. It was recognized that by using absolute speed-load points, a comparison of the emissions can be made based on differences in fuel consumption and chemistry, not on power variations due to fuel density variations.…”

Section: Introduction and Prior Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

On-Road Use of Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Blends

Clark¹,

Gautam²,

Lyons³

et al. 1999

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Alternative compression ignition engine fuels are of interest both to reduce emissions and to reduce U.S. petroleum fuel demand. A Malaysian Fischer-Tropsch gas-to-liquid fuel was compared with California #2 diesel by characterizing emissions from over the road Class 8 tractors with Caterpillar 3176 engines, using a chassis dynamometer and full scale dilution tunnel. The 5-Mile route was employed as the test schedule, with a test weight of 42,000 lb. Levels of oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) were reduced by an average of 12% and particulate matter (PM) by 25% for the Fischer-Tropsch fuel over the California diesel fuel. Another distillate fuel produced catalytically from Fischer-Tropsch products originally derived from natural gas by Mossgas was also compared with 49-state #2 diesel by characterizing emissions from Detroit Diesel 6V-92 powered transit buses, three of them equipped with catalytic converters and rebuilt engines, and three without. The CBD cycle was employed as the test schedule, with a test weight of 33,050 lb. For those buses with catalytic converters and rebuilt engines, NO x was reduced by 8% and PM was reduced by 31% on average, while for those buses without, NO x was reduced by 5% and PM was reduced by 20% on average. It is concluded that advanced compression ignition fuels from non-petroleum sources can offer environmental advantages in typical line haul and city transit applications.

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Section: Introduction and Prior Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

On-Road Use of Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Blends

Clark¹,

Gautam²,

Lyons³

et al. 1999

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…Two test fuels were used, a California certification fuel (CARB) and a low-sulfur low-aromatic fuel containing 15 percent dimethoxymethane (ADMM15). This latter oxygenated fuel has been shown to be a low particulate forming fuel in other studies [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

Impact of Lube Oil on Advanced Light-Duty CIDI Engine Emissions

Froelund¹,

Owens²,

Buckingham³

et al. 2000

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“…While advanced fuel formulations and cleaner diesel fuels present additional emissions reduction potential, it is widely accepted that some form of PM and NOx aftertreatment systems will be required to comply with future emissions regulations. Furthermore, a 20% blend of FT in ULSD was observed to produce the same NOx reduction as the neat FT fuel as well [20].…”

Section: Emission Reduction Measuresmentioning

confidence: 84%

Emissions and In-Cylinder Combustion Characteristics of Fischer-Tropsch and Conventional Diesel Fuels in a Modern CI Engine

Sappok

Llaniguez

Acar

et al. 2005

ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference (ICEF2005)

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Increasingly stringent emissions regulations, rising oil prices, and an increased focus on environmental awareness are driving the search for clean, alternative fuels. Derived from natural gas, coal, and even biomass Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuels are one such alternative. The inherently clean nature of FT diesel coupled with the fact that FT diesel exhibits similar physical properties to those of conventional diesel make FT diesel an ideal candidate as both a blending agent with and eventual replacement for conventional petroleum-based diesel fuels.The potential for emissions reduction with FT diesel fuels in laboratory engine tests and on-road vehicle tests is well documented. While a number of chemical and physical characteristics of FT fuels have been attributed to the observed reduction in emissions, the actual effects of both the fuel properties and in-cylinder combustion characteristics in modern diesel engines are still not well understood. In this study a 2002, six-cylinder, 5.9 liter, Cummins ISB 300 diesel engine, outfitted with an in-cylinder pressure transducer, was subjected to a subset of the Euro III 13-mode test cycle under steadystate operating conditions. Emissions and in-cylinder pressure measurements were conducted for neat FT diesel, low sulfur diesel (LSD), ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD), and a blend of FT/LSD. The experimental results show a significant reduction in regulated emissions with the neat FT fuel and a more than proportional reduction in particulate emissions for the blend. In order to provide further insight into the emissions behavior of the fuels, combustion characteristics were determined from a heat release analysis based on the in-cylinder pressure measurements. In addition, a detailed chemical analysis of the fuels and particulate emissions was carried out. The differences in the measured combustion characteristics and fuel properties were compared to the emissions variations between the fuels studied, and an explanation for the observed emissions behavior of the fuels was developed.

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Emissions Comparison of Alternative Fuels in an Advanced Automotive Diesel Engine

Cited by 44 publications

References 11 publications

On-Road Use of Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Blends

On-Road Use of Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Blends

Impact of Lube Oil on Advanced Light-Duty CIDI Engine Emissions

Emissions and In-Cylinder Combustion Characteristics of Fischer-Tropsch and Conventional Diesel Fuels in a Modern CI Engine

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