Emissions Characteristics of Ethyl and Methyl Ester of Rapeseed Oil Compared with Low Sulfur Diesel Control Fuel in a Chassis Dynamometer Test of a Pickup Truck

Peterson, C. L.; Reece, D.

doi:10.13031/2013.27564

Cited by 49 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…e pour point is the temperature below which the fuel will not �ow. As a result of this higher value, the performance of the biodiesel in cold conditions will be worse than that of petroleum diesel [10]. One of the most important characteristics of any fuel is its �ash point� this is de�ned as the lowest temperature at which it can vaporize to form an ignitable mixture in air.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Results From The Characterization Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Biodiesel (B100) from Jatropha Oil Using Sodium Hydroxide as Catalyst

Folaranmi

2013

Journal of Petroleum Engineering

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is research work is about the production of biodiesel from jatropha oil. Other oils can also be used for the production, but jatropha was chosen because it is not edible therefore, it will not pose a problem to humans in terms of food competition. Before the transesteri�cation process was carried out, some basic tests such as free fatty acid content, iodine value, and moisture content were carried out. is was done so as to ascertain quality yield of the biodiesel aer the reaction. e production of the biodiesel was done with standard materials and under standard conditions which made the production a hitch-free one. e jatropha oil was heated to 60 ○ C, and a solution of sodium methoxide (at 60 ○ C) was added to the oil and stirred for 45 minutes using a magnetic stirrer. e mixture was then le to settle for 24 hours. �lycerin, which is the byproduct, was �ltered off. e biodiesel was then thoroughly washed to ensure that it was free from excess methanol and soap. e characterization was done at NNPC Kaduna re�nery and petrochemicals. e result shows that the product meets the set standard for biodiesel.

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Section: Analysis Of the Results From The Characterization Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Biodiesel (B100) from Jatropha Oil Using Sodium Hydroxide as Catalyst

Folaranmi

2013

Journal of Petroleum Engineering

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“…Peterson et al performed test, on a direct injected, four-cylinder John Deere 4329t-turbocharged diesel engine and investigated that the specific gravity of biodiesel was higher compared to diesel and viscosity of biodiesel was 1.9 times to that of diesel fuel at 40°C, heat of combustion for biodiesel was 12% lower than that of diesel fuel, the smoke opacity and engine power with use of biodiesel were lowered by 71% and 4.8% respectively when compared with diesel fuel, maximum engine torque was lowered by 6% and 3.2% at variable speeds of 1700rpm and 1300 rpm, respectively. However, no marginal differences between thermal efficiencies were recorded [6]. P.V Rao, performed experiments on a 3.72 kW, water cooled, direction injection engine having compression ratio of 16.5 and 1600 rpm engine speed and found that the ignition lag of KME blends was shorter and hence combust earlier in combustion chamber due to having higher cetane number than that of diesel fuel, the heat release rate (HRR) of KME blends was lower compared to diesel fuel due to having lower calorific value of KME oil [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of Variable Compression Ratio on Performance of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Karanja Biodiesel and its Blends

Mishra¹,

Soota²,

Singh³

2017

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Rapid exploration and lavish consumption of underground petroleum resources have led to the scarcity of underground fossil fuels moreover the toxic emissions from such fuels are pernicious which have increased the health hazards around the world. So the aim was to find an alternative fuel which would meet the requirements of petroleum or fossil fuels. Biodiesel is a clean, renewable and bio-degradable fuel having several advantages, one of the most important of which is being its eco-friendly and better knocking characteristics than diesel fuel. In this work the performance of Karanja oil was analyzed on a four stroke, single cylinder, water cooled, variable compression ratio diesel engine. The fuel used was 5% -25% karanja oil methyl ester by volume in diesel. The results such obtained are compared with standard diesel fuel. Several properties i.e. Brake Thermal Efficiency, Brake Specific Fuel Consumptions, Exhaust Gas Temperature are determined at all operating conditions & at variable compression ratio 17 and 17.5.

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“…Several reports show NO x is increased with biodiesel. However, in chassis dynamometer tests with the Cummins B 5.9 L, a reduction in NO x with a corresponding increase in PM was found [105,106]. The variability in NO x response for biodiesel may be due to individual variables in the engines themselves.…”

Section: Oxides Of Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 94%

Mississippi State Biodiesel Production Project

Hernández¹,

French²,

Fernando³

et al. 2008

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Executive SummaryMunicipal wastewater treatment plants in the United States produce over 6.2 million metric tons of dried sewage sludge every year. This microorganism rich sludge is often land filled or used as fertilizer. Recent restrictions on the use of sewage sludge, however, have resulted in increased disposal problems. Extraction of lipids from sludge yields an untapped source of cheap feedstock for biodiesel production. Solvents used for extraction in this study include n-hexane, methanol, acetone, and supercritical CO 2 .Gravimetric yield of oil was low for non-polar solvents but addition of polar solvents gave a considerably increased yield. However, the percent of saponifiable material was less. Extraction of lipids with a mixture of n-hexane, methanol, and acetone gave the largest conversion to biodiesel for a solvent system, 4.41% based on total dry weight of sludge. In Situ transesterification of dried sludge resulted in a yield of 6.23%. Assuming a 10% dry weight yield of FAMEs the amount of biodiesel available for production in the United States is 1.4 million cubic meters per year. Outfitting 50% of municipal wastewater plants for lipid extraction and transesterification could result in enough biodiesel production to replace 0.5% of the national petroleum diesel demand (0.7 million cubic meters).Other sources of lipids investigated were Black mustard, birdseed rape, canola, Camelina, Crambe, flax, and Hesperis. These plants were selected based on their oil content and their capability to grow in the US Southeast. Genetic procedures were developed to increase the oil content of these plants. Of the species investigated, canola, sunflower, and okra have the greatest potential. However, it should be noted that even 4 record yields of all the crops mentioned above will not come close to fully replacing the U.S. need for oil/petroleum. Extraction procedures were developed to recover nutritional components, such as omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), from oil and biodiesel. Additionally, a method was developed to isolate another value added product, Vitamin E, from oils. The methods developed were based on differences in binding between polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters and the transition metal ions.More than 90% EPA was recovered using AgBF4/SiO2•Im+•PF6¯. After a consecutive two-step stripping by ethyl ether and then 1-hexene, the concentration of EPA increased from 7% in the feed stock solution to about 90% in the 1-hexene stripping solvent. After five recycles, the sorbent is still usable.Ordered mesoporous adsorbents were prepared by physically coating functionalized ionic liquids onto mesoporous silica gel. These adsorbents were successfully applied to the selective extraction and separation of vitamin E from a model mixture of soybean oil deodorizer distillate. Five adsorbent recycle tests showed good reusability of this ionic liquid-modified mesoporous adsorbent.Another approach to improve the overall economic feasibility of biodiesel production...

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Emissions Characteristics of Ethyl and Methyl Ester of Rapeseed Oil Compared with Low Sulfur Diesel Control Fuel in a Chassis Dynamometer Test of a Pickup Truck

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

Production of Biodiesel (B100) from Jatropha Oil Using Sodium Hydroxide as Catalyst

Production of Biodiesel (B100) from Jatropha Oil Using Sodium Hydroxide as Catalyst

Effect of Variable Compression Ratio on Performance of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Karanja Biodiesel and its Blends

Mississippi State Biodiesel Production Project

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