Emission Reduction with Heated Injectors

Kabasin, Daniel Francis; Joseph, Youssef; Fedor, William; Geiger, Scott; Hurter, Tobias

doi:10.4271/2010-01-1265

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, even with EDI heating, the ISNO emission is still much smaller than that of GPI only condition. The slight increase of NO emission by EDI heating was also observed for ethanol fuelled engines in cold start conditions [25,26,31]. Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Fuel impingement will not occur when vapour fuel reaches the cylinder wall. Significant reduction of CO and HC emissions was also reported in the investigation of pre-heating the ethanol fuel in cold start conditions [25][26][27]29]. Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The effect of fuel temperature on the performance of a diesel engine fuelled with rapeseed methyl ester (RME) fuel was investigated [24]. Kabasin et al [25,26] investigated the cold start performance of ethanol-fuelled SI engines equipped with heated injectors. The engine cold start time was reduced and the HC and CO emissions were significantly decreased when the fuel was heated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the effect of heated ethanol fuel on combustion and emissions of an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) engine

Huang

Hong

2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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a b s t r a c tEthanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) is a new technology to utilise ethanol fuel more efficiently and flexibly in spark ignition engines. One issue needs to be addressed in the development of EDI + GPI is the ethanol fuel's low vapour pressure and large latent heat which slow down the ethanol's evaporation and result in the mixture unready for combustion by the time of spark ignition and the consequent increase of CO and HC emissions. Heating the ethanol fuel to be directly injected (EDI heating) has been proposed to address this issue. This paper reports the investigation of the effect of EDI heating on the combustion and emissions of a research engine equipped with EDI + GPI. The results showed that EDI heating effectively reduced the CO and HC emissions of the engine due to the increase of evaporation rate and reduced fuel impingement and local over-cooling. The reduction of CO and HC became more significant with the increase of ethanol ratio. When the temperature of the ethanol fuel was increased by 40°C, the CO and HC were reduced by as much as 43% and 51% respectively in EDI only condition at the original spark timing of 15 CAD BTDC, and 15% and 47% respectively at the minimum spark advance for best torque (MBT) timing of 19 CAD BTDC. On the other hand, the NO emission was slightly increased, but still much smaller than that in GPI only condition due to the strong cooling effect and low combustion temperature of EDI. The IMEP and combustion speed were slightly reduced by EDI heating due to the decrease of injector fuel flow rate and spray collapse of flash-boiling. The largest decrease of IMEP was 5% at the original spark timing and 3% at the MBT timing. Moreover, at the MBT timing, the IMEP increased continuously with the increase of ethanol ratio in the entire range from 0% to 100%. This indicated that the decrease of IMEP in high ethanol ratio conditions at the original spark timing could be avoided by adjusting the spark timing. Therefore EDI heating is effective to address the issues of ethanol's low evaporation rate in low temperature engine environment and over-cooling effect at high ethanol ratio condition in the development of EDI + GPI engine.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the effect of heated ethanol fuel on combustion and emissions of an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) engine

Huang

Hong

2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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“…When an engine operates at its intake / wall / coolant temperatures less than 20°C then the condition can be termed as Cold start. At 20°C, a minimum of approximately 1% gasoline (0.8% for octane and 1.2% for heptane) or 4% ethanol [4] vapour fraction in air must be present in the vicinity of a spark plug to produce a combustible mixture. However, during cold start conditions, the engine, fuel, lubrication oil and the ambient temperature are very low and making fuel less volatile.…”

Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 shows the computational grid for the full model. The total number of cells in the full model is around 900K.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%