Emission of Mutagenic Substances From Waste Incineration Plants

Victorin, Katarina; Ståhlberg, Margareta; Ahlborg, Ulf G.

doi:10.1177/0734242x8800600124

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…The emission of PAHs caused by MSW is determined by waste composition, furnace temperature, and excess air. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] These emissions may be affected by operating conditions since an incinerator is always operating under start-up, burning, and burn-out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators during the Combustion Cycle

Takahashi

1998

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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The emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during start-up, burning, and burn-out were determined for four municipal solid waste MSW incinerators. During start-up conditions, PAH concentrations were shown to be high due to unstable combustion. A positive correlation was seen between PAH concentrations and the organic carbon content of the dust.This study was conducted to examine the emission behaviors of PAHs according to furnace type and to measure emissions during the combustion cycle. The organic carbon in the dust, as well as PAH emissions, during three combustion periods were determined for four MSW incinerators. PAHs were high during start-up because of incomplete combustion at low temperature. In the fluidized-bed incinerator, PAHs were high because combustion in the fluidized bed, was more unstable than in the step grate. A batch fluidized bed showed particularly higher concentrations compared to a continuous fluidized bed, owing to less stable combustion. Organic carbon in the dust was normally highest during start-up and lowest during burning. Continuous incinerators with longer operation periods showed higher emission rates during burning. This parameter for the batch-type fluidized bed increased during start-up and burn-out. IMPLICATIONSPAH emissions from MSW incinerators can be controlled better by improving operating conditions. This study was conducted to examine the emission behavior of PAHs according to furnace type and to measure emissions during the combustion cycle. The results of this study suggest that PAHs are high during start-up because of incomplete combustion at low temperature. In the fluidized-bed incinerator, PAHs are high because combustion in fluidized bed is more unstable than in the step grate. A batch fluidized bed shows particularly higher concentrations compared to a continuous fluidized bed, owing to less stable combustion. INTRODUCTIONPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are produced in incinerators during the burning of municipal solid waste (MSW). The emission of PAHs caused by MSW is determined by waste composition, furnace temperature, and excess air. 1-8 These emissions may be affected by operating conditions since an incinerator is always operating under start-up, burning, and burn-out.During start-up conditions, PAH concentrations have been shown to be high, due to unstable combustion. 4,[9][10][11] A positive correlation between PAH concentrations and the organic carbon content of the dust has been demonstrated. 12,13 PAH emissions from MSW incinerators can be controlled better by improving operating conditions. For this purpose, PAH emissions under various operating conditions during the combustion cycle (start-up, burning, and burn-out periods) should be studied.This study was conducted to examine the emission behaviors of PAHs according to furnace type and to measure emissions throughout the combustion cycle. The organic carbon content in the dust, as well as PAH emission rates under the three operating conditions, were determined.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators during the Combustion Cycle

Takahashi

1998

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Organic toxicants and mutagens in ashes from eighteen municipal refuse incinerators

Shane

Henry

Hotchkiss

et al. 1990

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Ashes, obtained from about one-fourth of the operating municipal refuse incinerators in the United States, were analyzed for a range of organic toxicants and mutagens. Thirty percent of the ash samples, which consisted of bottom ash or bottom ash-fly ash mixtures, contained 20-74% organic matter. Thirty percent of the ashes contained direct-acting and/or promutagens which revertedSalmonella typhimurium TA98 or TA100. Sixty percent of the ashes contained more than 5 ng/g of polychlorinated biphenyls. The concentration of tetra- and pentachlorinated biphenyls were higher than the mono-, di-, hepta- and octachlorinated biphenyls. A similar distribution of congeners was seen in polychlorinated dibenzodioxins found in the ashes. The major volatileN-nitroso compounds found in the ashes wereN-nitrosodimethylamine andN-nitrosomorpholine. Other classes of compounds which were found in the ashes included chlorinated benzenes, phthalates, and substituted benzothiophenes.

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Mutation spectra of chemical fractions of a complex mixture: role of nitroarenes in the mutagenic specificity of municipal waste incinerator emissions

DeMarini

Shelton

Bell

1996

Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutag

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Emission of Mutagenic Substances From Waste Incineration Plants

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

The Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators during the Combustion Cycle

The Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators during the Combustion Cycle

Organic toxicants and mutagens in ashes from eighteen municipal refuse incinerators

Mutation spectra of chemical fractions of a complex mixture: role of nitroarenes in the mutagenic specificity of municipal waste incinerator emissions

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