Emission of materials of biological origin in laying hens houses with different technologies of rearing

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The aim was to determine the conversion of alimentary substances of laying hens (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) into the production of eggs and to determine the emission of nitrogen, air pollution by dust and microorganisms in accordance with different technologies of layer rearing. The studies were conducted in 6 poultry houses. The birds were kept in premises in cage batteries BKN-3, "Spech", OBN-1, OBN-3 or on littered floor. It was found out that there was 1.6 times more dust in the air of poultry house where laying hens were kept on litter and the total number of bacteria was 2.4 times higher than in the bird cages (P < 0.001). The laying hens assimilated 21.95-28.42% of nitrogen, 19.63-31.25% of phosphorus, 6.04-8.33% of potassium for egg production and weight gains when feed is balanced. If cage technologies are applied, over a year, there is a loss of 6.7 ± 1.4% of nitrogen through the excrements because of nitrogen emission. When the technologies of littered floor are used, there is a loss of 18.5 ± 4.8% of nitrogen extricated with the excrements (P < 0.025). When the birds were kept in cages, 0.059 ± 0.011 kg of nitrogen per each bird evaporated because of ammonia emission, while in the case of littered floor -0.227 ± 0.126 kg of nitrogen.

The influence of litter age, litter temperature and ventilation rate on ammonia emissions from a broiler rearing facility

“…The way of bird keeping directly influences the pollution with dangerous compounds, dust emissions and microbiological pollution on farms. Chemical pollutants are risk factors for the health of human beings and animals (Vaičionis et al, 2006). The piled up straw is gradually enriched with excrements, rests of feed, water and feathers.…”