Emission of fast particles in a heterogeneous medium

Ter-Mikaelyan, M.L.

doi:10.1016/0029-5582(61)91015-x

Cited by 64 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…To ensure a small square emitting area, our TR target represented a vertical stripe of one Al foil with a width of 2.5 mm. When one electron hits the target, it emits TR with a conical shape (Ter-Mikaelyan, 1961) (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of soft X-ray and EUV transition radiation power emitted from the MIRRORCLE-type tabletop synchrotron

Toyosugi

Yamada²,

Minkov³

et al. 2007

J Synchrotron Radiat

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The tabletop synchrotron light sources MIRRORCLE-6X and MIRRORCLE-20SX, operating at electron energies E(el) = 6 MeV and E(el) = 20 MeV, respectively, can emit powerful transition radiation (TR) in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and the soft X-ray regions. To clarify the applicability of these soft X-ray and EUV sources, the total TR power has been determined. A TR experiment was performed using a 385 nm-thick Al foil target in MIRRORCLE-6X. The angular distribution of the emitted power was measured using a detector assembly based on an NE102 scintillator, an optical bundle and a photomultiplier. The maximal measured total TR power for MIRRORCLE-6X is P(max) approximately equal 2.95 mW at full power operation. Introduction of an analytical expression for the lifetime of the electron beam allows calculation of the emitted TR power by a tabletop synchrotron light source. Using the above measurement result, and the theoretically determined ratio between the TR power for MIRRORCLE-6X and MIRRORCLE-20SX, the total TR power for MIRRORCLE-20SX can be obtained. The one-foil TR target thickness is optimized for the 20 MeV electron energy. P(max) approximately equal 810 mW for MIRRORCLE-20SX is obtained with a single foil of 240 nm-thick Be target. The emitted bremsstrahlung is negligible with respect to the emitted TR for optimized TR targets. From a theoretically known TR spectrum it is concluded that MIRRORCLE-20SX can emit 150 mW of photons with E > 500 eV, which makes it applicable as a source for performing X-ray lithography. The average wavelength, \overline\lambda = 13.6 nm, of the TR emission of MIRRORCLE-20SX, with a 200 nm Al target, could provide of the order of 1 W EUV.

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Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of soft X-ray and EUV transition radiation power emitted from the MIRRORCLE-type tabletop synchrotron

Toyosugi

Yamada²,

Minkov³

et al. 2007

J Synchrotron Radiat

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“…Unfortunately, the radiation intensity is low: The probability of producing a photon is ∼ 10 −2 / interface. To build up a detectable signal, one typically allows the particle to pass through a periodic stack of several hundred or thousand foils of fixed thickness each separated by a fixed spacing of gas or vacuum [13,14]. If the field amplitudes at each interface are added in phase, it can be shown that the result is an interference pattern, with peaks appearing at frequencies governed by a resonance condition determined by the foil thickness l 1 and spacing l 2 [15,16,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending the Lorentz Factor Range and Sensitivity of Transition Radiation with Compound Radiators

Alnussirat,

Cherry

2022

Preprint

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Transition radiation detectors (TRDs) have been used to identify high-energy particles (in particular, to separate electrons from heavier particles) in accelerator experiments. In space, they have been used to identify cosmic-ray electrons and measure the energies of cosmic-ray nuclei. To date, radiators have consisted of regular configurations of foils with fixed values of foil thickness and spacing (or foam or fiber radiators with comparable average dimensions) that have operated over a relatively restricted range of Lorentz factors. In order to extend the applicability of future TRDs (for example, to identify 0.5 -3 TeV pions, kaons, and protons in the far forward region in a future accelerator experiment or to measure the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray nuclei up to 20 TeV/nucleon or higher), there is a need to increase the signal strength and extend the range of Lorentz factors that can be measured in a single detector. A possible approach is to utilize compound radiators consisting of varying radiator parameters. We discuss the case of a compound radiator and derive the yield produced in a TRD with an arbitrary configuration of foil thicknesses and spacings.

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“…Transition radiation (TR) is emitted when a relativistic particle passes through the interface between two media [1]. The emission has a conical shape with a maximum intensity at an angle yffi1/g, with respect to the direction of the incident particle, and half-intensity angle of Dyffiyffi1/g, where g ¼ (1Àv 2 /c 2 ) À1/2 is the relativistic factor [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targets emitting transition radiation for performing X-ray lithography by the tabletop synchrotron MIRRORCLE-20SX

Minkov

Morita

Nihira

et al. 2008

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Emission of fast particles in a heterogeneous medium

Cited by 64 publications

References 1 publication

Estimation of soft X-ray and EUV transition radiation power emitted from the MIRRORCLE-type tabletop synchrotron

Estimation of soft X-ray and EUV transition radiation power emitted from the MIRRORCLE-type tabletop synchrotron

Extending the Lorentz Factor Range and Sensitivity of Transition Radiation with Compound Radiators

Targets emitting transition radiation for performing X-ray lithography by the tabletop synchrotron MIRRORCLE-20SX

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