Emission of Ammonia and Other Contaminant Gases from Naturally Ventilated Dairy Cattle Buildings

Zhang, Guoqiang; Strøm, Jan S.; Li, B.; Rom, Hans Benny; Morsing, S.; Dahl, P. J.; Wang, C.

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2005.08.002

Cited by 129 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Zhang et al 17 reported the NH 3 emission rates of these buildings and the performance of CO 2 balance method in estimating ventilation rate of the buildings.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Nh 3 Emission From Field Measurement mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Examples of the variation of the NH 3 emission rates during a measurement period are shown in Figure 2 for buildings 1 and 5. The figure shows that the NH 3 emission levels varied considerably through the measurement.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Nh 3 Emission From Field Measurement mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurements were performed in the period from August 2002 to December 2003 covering both the warm and the cold periods of the year in middle-north Jutland, Denmark. A detailed description of the measurements was given by Zhang et al 17 Building. All of the surveyed dairy cattle buildings were naturally ventilated with side walls and ridge openings.…”

Section: Measurements Of Nh 3 Emission From the Naturally Ventilated mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, G CO 2 ,out was a measured value at a reference point outside the building, whereas G CO 2 ,in was the average of measured values at five represented points of the building space. 17 The CO 2 production of the animals is estimated according to a method that is correlated with the total heat production, which is recommended in a Commission Internationale du Génie Rural report. 18 For livestock housing where CO 2 is only generated by the animals, the average CO 2 production on a 24-hr basis is given as 0.185 m 3 /hr/HPU.…”

Section: Estimations Of Ventilation Rate and Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of a lack of data, the correction part by the pregnancy (1.6 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 D) of the total heat production was considered to be negligible. 17 NH 3 emission rates from the dairy cattle buildings were calculated based on:…”

Section: Estimations Of Ventilation Rate and Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model Estimation and Measurement of Ammonia Emission from Naturally Ventilated Dairy Cattle Buildings with Slatted Floor Designs

Zhang²,

Rom³

et al. 2006

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Laboratory experiments were carried out in a wind tunnel with a model of a slurry pit to investigate the characteristics of ammonia emission from dairy cattle buildings with slatted floor designs. Ammonia emission at different temperatures and air velocities over the floor surface above the slurry pit was measured with uniform feces spreading and urine sprinkling on the surface daily. The data were used to improve a model for estimation of ammonia emission from dairy cattle buildings. Estimates from the updated emission model were compared with measured data from five naturally ventilated dairy cattle buildings. The overall measured ammonia emission rates were in the range of 11-88 g per cow per day at air temperatures of 2.3-22.4°C. Ammonia emission rates estimated by the model were in the range of 19 -107 g per cow per day for the surveyed buildings. The average ammonia emission estimated by the model was 11% higher than the mean measured value. The results show that predicted emission patterns generally agree with the measured one, but the prediction has less variation. The model performance may be improved if the influence of animal activity and management strategy on ammonia emission could be estimated and more reliable data of air velocities of the buildings could be obtained.

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“…Zhang et al 17 reported the NH 3 emission rates of these buildings and the performance of CO 2 balance method in estimating ventilation rate of the buildings.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Nh 3 Emission From Field Measurement mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussion Nh 3 Emission From Field Measurement mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurements Of Nh 3 Emission From the Naturally Ventilated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Estimations Of Ventilation Rate and Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Estimations Of Ventilation Rate and Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model Estimation and Measurement of Ammonia Emission from Naturally Ventilated Dairy Cattle Buildings with Slatted Floor Designs

Zhang²,

Rom³

et al. 2006

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Ammonia emissions from livestock facilities around an international airport, Tehran, Iran: An experimental and mathematical study

Asadollahfardi,

Khoormehr,

Sarmadi

et al. 2024

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Ammonia emissions from livestock farms are a major problem for staff and residents near these centers. Anaerobic decomposition of livestock waste and the collection and stacking of waste are the main sources of ammonia gas on livestock farms. This article examined ammonia emissions from livestock facilities near Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport. First, field measurements were made in the summer (30°C), and collected samples were examined using the indophenol technique. AERMOD, based on Gaussian fluctuating plume theory, was constructed to model ammonia emissions. According to AERMOD, the maximum periodic‐seasonal 2‐hourly and 8‐hourly ammonia concentrations were 15.9, 229, and 63.7 OU (odor unit per unit volume)/m3, respectively. The hourly ammonia emission rate from livestock sources is also 0.0168 gm−2 h−1. AERMOD results mathematical model indicated reasonable agreement with the field measurement, which the coefficient of determination (R2), index of agreement (d), and efficiency coefficient (E) were 0.95, 0.97, and 0.91, respectively. Moreover, Statistical indices, including geometric mean bias (MG), geometric variance (VG), fraction of predictions within a factor of two of observations (FAC2), and normalized mean square error (NMSE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) are also indicated by 1.36 and 0.67, respectively, were used to assess the reliability of the model results showed that AERMOD had a good agreement with the field measurement.

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The Effect of Microclimatic Conditions on Ammonia Emissions from an Open-Sided Dairy Barn During Spring

D’Urso

Arcidiacono

Cascone

2022

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

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Emission of Ammonia and Other Contaminant Gases from Naturally Ventilated Dairy Cattle Buildings

Cited by 129 publications

References 14 publications

Model Estimation and Measurement of Ammonia Emission from Naturally Ventilated Dairy Cattle Buildings with Slatted Floor Designs

Model Estimation and Measurement of Ammonia Emission from Naturally Ventilated Dairy Cattle Buildings with Slatted Floor Designs

Ammonia emissions from livestock facilities around an international airport, Tehran, Iran: An experimental and mathematical study

The Effect of Microclimatic Conditions on Ammonia Emissions from an Open-Sided Dairy Barn During Spring

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