Emission Characteristics of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-<i>p</i>-dioxins and Dibenzofurans from the Co-combustion of Municipal Solid Waste in a Lab-Scale Drop-Tube Furnace

Lin, Xiaoqing; Chen, Zhiliang; Lu, Shengyong; Zhang, Shaorui; Zhang, Mengmei; Li, Xiaodong; Yan, Jun

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b00408

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Catalytic metals, of which Cu is the most representative, are associated with particulates. Many researchers [29,30,31] have confirmed that the addition of Cu as a catalyst promotes the formation of PCDD/Fs. Previous studies [32,33] have examined the reactivity of different chlorine compounds and found the reactivity order was KCl<CaCl 2 <FeCl 3 <<CuCl 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Dioxin Emissions from a Small-Scale Waste Incinerator in the Absence of Air Pollution Controls

Zhang

Huang

Liao

et al. 2019

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/Fs) emissions from basic small-scale waste incinerators (SWI) may cause health risks in nearby people and are thus subject to stringent regulations. The aim of this study was to evaluate PCDD/F emission and reduction of a basic SWI in the absence of air pollution controls (APCs). The results indicated that the stack gas and fly ash presented average PCDD/F levels and emission factors of 3.6 ng international toxic equivalent (I-TEQ)/Nm3 and 189.31µg I-TEQ/t and 6.89 ng I-TEQ/g and 137.85µg I-TEQ/t, respectively, much higher than those from large municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI). PCDD/Fs congener fingerprints indicated that de novo synthesis played a dominant role in the low-temperature post-combustion zone and increased the presence of high-chlorine substituted congeners. On the basis of the emission factor 327.24 µg I-TEQ/t-waste, approximately 3000 g I-TEQ dioxins might be generated in total through basic SWIs and open burning. After refitting an SWI by adding activated carbon injection with a bag filter (ACI+BG), the PCDD/F emissions decreased to mean values of 0.042 ng I-TEQ/Nm3, far below the standard of 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm3, and the removal efficiency reached 99.13% in terms of I-TEQ. Therefore, it is entirely feasible to considerably reduce PCDD/F emissions by refitting basic SWI, which is positive for the future development of rural solid waste (RSW (RSW) disposal by SWI.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Dioxin Emissions from a Small-Scale Waste Incinerator in the Absence of Air Pollution Controls

Zhang

Huang

Liao

et al. 2019

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The international toxic equivalents (I-TEQ) were calculated with NATO/CCMS factors (Bhavsar et al, 2008). More details were shown in previous studies (Chen et al, 2014;Lin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, these congeners can be directly condensed or rearranged by three CPs (2,4,6-, 2,3,4,6-and 2,3,4,5,6-chlorophenol) (Weber and Hagenmaier, 1999). Previous studies also identified 2,4,6,2,3,8/1,2,3,6/1,4,6,9/1,6,7,8/1,2,3,4/2,3,6,1,2,4,6,8/1,2,4,7,1,2,3,6,2,3,7,and 1,2,3,4,6,8/1,2,3,4,7,HxCDD as representative congeners based on their high correlation with 1,3,6,8-and 1,3,7,9-TCDDs (Zhang et al, 2017b;Chen et al, 2018). To obtain reliable mechanism by means of data analysis, the relative importance of these representatives was introduced in this study, which was calculated through their proportions (%) within their own homologue group (Table 4).…”

Section: Precursors Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation Characteristics of PCDD/Fs in the Co-combustion and Pyrolysis Process of Coal and Sewage Sludge

Rao¹,

Zou²,

Ji³

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Co-combustion technology of coal and sewage sludge (SS) was encouraged and recommended in China. Previous studies most focused on its influence on combustion characteristics, migration characteristics of heavy metals in fly ash, and emission of conventional pollutants, etc., but less reported the formation characteristics of polychlorinated-ρ-dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). To well reveal it, this study carried out five parallel experiments, including the pyrolysis of SS, the combustion of SS, the co-combustion of coal and SS with the proportion of 0%, 2.5% and 5%, respectively. The emission concentration of PCDD/Fs respectively increased from 0.42 ng g -1 (0.0022 ng I-TEQ g -1 ) to 0.54 ng g -1 (0.0030 ng I-TEQ g -1 ) and 1.70 ng g -1 (0.0305 ng I-TEQ g -1 ) with increasing blending proportion of SS. The dominant part was also changed from PCDF (0.32 ng g -1 in M-0%, 0.38 ng g -1 in M-2.5%) to PCDD (1.11 ng g -1 in M-5%). The formation concentration of PCDD/Fs in the combustion process of SS was about 0.34 ng g -1 (0.0019 ng I-TEQ g -1 ). In the pyrolysis

show abstract

“…The HCl removal efficiency (ϕ) was calculated as given by Equation ( 2 Agency, 1994) and then analysed using high-resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. More details about extraction and clean-up procedures for PCDD/Fs have been discussed in previous studies (Chen et al, 2017;Lin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of calcium-based sorbents on the reduction of chlorinated contaminants during municipal solid waste thermal treatment

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chlorinated contaminants are a cause of significant concern in the development of municipal solid waste (MSW) thermal treatment techniques. This study investigates the efficacy of two calcium (Ca)-based in-furnace additives, calcium oxide (CaO), and calcined dolomite (CD), at reducing the levels of chlorinated contaminants during MSW thermal treatment. The results reveal that Ca-based additives could effectively reduce the chlorine (Cl) content by more than 76.8% and 37.3% in the gas and tar phases, respectively. The total concentration and the international total equivalent (I-TEQ) value of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) were significantly higher under the incineration condition than pyrolysis and gasification conditions. Adding CaO could reduce the total concentration and the I-TEQ value of PCDD/Fs by more than 43.4% and 36.7%, respectively. The reduction effect on PCDD/Fs was more significant in the gaseous phase and the tar phase than the solid phase. CD was more effective than CaO at reducing the chlorinated contaminants, including hydrogen chloride, Cl in the tar phase, and PCDD/Fs. Thus, adding Ca-based sorbents in the furnace during MSW pyrolysis and gasification can effectively reduce PCDD/Fs generation. Based on the experimental results, the mechanism of Ca-based sorbents on the high-temperature homogeneous reaction of PCDD/Fs formation was analysed.

show abstract

Emission Characteristics of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans from the Co-combustion of Municipal Solid Waste in a Lab-Scale Drop-Tube Furnace

Cited by 22 publications

References 46 publications

Measurement of Dioxin Emissions from a Small-Scale Waste Incinerator in the Absence of Air Pollution Controls

Measurement of Dioxin Emissions from a Small-Scale Waste Incinerator in the Absence of Air Pollution Controls

Formation Characteristics of PCDD/Fs in the Co-combustion and Pyrolysis Process of Coal and Sewage Sludge

Effect of calcium-based sorbents on the reduction of chlorinated contaminants during municipal solid waste thermal treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About