Emission characteristics of a turbocharged diesel engine fueled with gas-to-liquids

Abstract

Emission characteristics of a turbocharged, intercooled, heavy-duty diesel engine operating on neat gas-toliquids (GTL) and blends of GTL with conventional diesel were investigated and a comparison was made with those of diesel fuel. The results show that nitrogen oxides (NO x ), smoke, and particulate matter (PM) emissions can be decreased when operating on GTL and diesel-GTL blends. Engine emissions decrease with an increase of GTL fraction in the blends. Compared with diesel fuel, an engine operating on GTL can reduce NO x , PM, carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbon (HC) by 23.7%, 27.6%, 16.6% and 12.9% in ECE R49 13-mode procedure, respectively. Engine speed and load have great influences on emissions when operating on diesel-GTL blends and diesel fuel in the turbocharged diesel engine. The study indicates that GTL is a promising alternative fuel for diesel engines to reduce emissions.

Engine combustion, performance and emission characteristics of gas to liquid (GTL) fuels and its blends with diesel and bio-diesel

“…GTL blends with Diesel showed higher reduction of CO with the increased GTL ratio in blend i.e. improving the blend properties dominated by GTL fuel [21,25,108,114]. Significant decrease of CO emission approximately in the range of (16-52%) was observed for GTL-Biodiesel blends compared to diesel [42,43,45,120].…”

“…GTL fuel showed lower PM emission than Diesel and biodiesels [9,24,26,44,118,134] even at all variations of injection timing [20,119]. GTL-diesel blends showed significant reduction in PM compared to neat diesel [25,108,114] .GTL-biodiesel blends generally showed reduced PM emission compared to neat diesel [41-43, 45, 115]. GTL-Biodiesel blends containing 20%~50% of biodiesel demonstrated PM reduction ranges approximately 15%~36% compared to neat diesel and GTL fuel [45,115].The lower sulfur percentage associated with significantly lower aromatic content of GTL favors lowering PM emission [115,131].…”

“…Lower density had been demonstrated by GTL in blends with diesel [10,25,108,114] and biodiesel [41,45,115] due to lower density of GTL.…”

“…Due to higher cetane number, GTL possess shortened ignition lag associated with reduced premixed combustion stage that cause the lower pressure rise. The reduced ROPR facilitates improved combustion that ensures diminution in combustion noise and mechanical load [25,114,125]. Addition of Biodiesel in GTL blends caused higher peak cylinder pressure due to lowering the cetane number [45].…”

“…GTL-diesel blends showed improved NOx emission than Diesel but higher than neat GTL [8,21,25,108,114,133].GTL-biodiesel blends demonstrated higher NOx compared to neat GTL but lower than individual biodiesel like JBD,BSOY [41,45,115]. Higher bulk modulus of biodiesel advanced the injection timing in blends that yields earlier combustion followed by longer residence time and resulted in higher NOx emissions [144][145][146].…”