“…The freshwater and brackish aquaculture ponds, with a global total surface area of around 1.1×10 5 km 2 (Verdegem and Bosma, 2009), are potential hotspots of CH4 emission because of their large loadings of organic matter from residual feeds and feces of cultured animals (IPCC, 2019;Yang et al, 2018Yang et al, , 2019Yuan et al, 2019). Although numerous studies have quantified CH4 fluxes from the aquaculture ponds (Chen et al, 2016;Ma et al, 2018;Soares and Henry-Silva, 2019;Wu et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2018Yang et al, , 2019Yuan et al, 2019), the biogeochemical processes involved (e.g., CH4 production, oxidation, and transport) in the aquaculture systems have thus far received little attention (Avnimelech and Ritvo, 2003). Biogenic CH4 is produced during the terminal step of organic matter degradation in anaerobic sediments (Lofton et al, 2015) and in oxic waters with rich planktonic microbes (Bogard et al, 2014;Khatun et al, 2019;Tang et al, 2016).…”