Emissão de gases de efeito estufa do solo em áreas de Blowdown na Amazônia Central

Abstract

A bibliometric study type "science mapping", on the topic of "wind disturbances" was carried out to find the impacts of these phenomena on soils. In general, the main results with the highest numbers of works found are for above-ground biomass, with few developing the topic soils within the context. In addition to deforestation, natural phenomena such as blowdowns become increasingly larger and more common in one of the most important biomes in the world, the Amazon. Thus, we aimed to understand how areas where natural disturbance blowdown occurred alter greenhouse gas fluxes (CO2, CH4, and N2O), soil physical attributes, and carbon and nitrogen stocks when compared to undisturbed forest areas in Central Amazon. The study was carried out in the Tropical Forestry Experiment Station/INPA, a characteristic Campinarana vegetation, with sandy textured Latosols. The areas evaluated were undisturbed forest (VNP) plus two areas where blowdown occurred in the years 2005 (BD15) and 2019 (BD1). Gas collections were performed in the rainy season with static cameras, with Gasmet equipment that uses FTIR. We also collected burlap and soil (deformed and undeformed samples) in layers 0-10,10-20, 20-30, and 30-50 cm, aiming to evaluate the quality and origin of organic matter by determining the isotopic composition and soil carbon stock. The mean total fluxes of the campaign for BD1, BD15 and VPN were 90.3±4.3, 75.6±4.5, 73.0±3.1 C-CO2 mg m -2 h -1 ; 50.2±9.4, 32.2±5.4 and 27.1 N-N2O µg m -2 h -1 , -33.0±4.3, -15.07±5.2 and -26.1±3.6 C-CH4 µg m -2 h -1 respectively. The C and N stocks considering the range 0-50 for BD1, BD15, and VNP were 58.56, 64.56, 4.1, 4.8, and 5.6 Mg ha -1 of N respectively. The study areas blowdown in the Amazon rainforest. Thus, we can observe the superiority of the NPV with several attributes, where the absence of forest fall maintains the balance within the soil profile keeping the relationships between microorganisms, root system, and the diversity of fauna and flora in development conditions.