EmerSense: A low-cost multiparameter logger to monitor occurrence and duration of emersion events within intertidal zones

Poquita-Du, Rosa Celia; Du, Ian Peter Morgia; Todd, Peter A.

doi:10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00410

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although the measurement of the electrical conductivity of an aqueous solution has been possible since the second half of the 19th century [37], and a wide range of conductivity meter models is currently available [38], it is difficult to find a conductivity meter that fully meets all the particular requirements of, for example, the agricultural sector [39]: ease of use, robustness, real-time data transmission, long-term stability, and, possibly, low cost [40]. At end of March 2023, 17,753 articles on Arduino were indexed on Scopus confirming its application in science as a multi-parameter sensor for marine research [41], but also in education [42]. The prototype for conductivity measures here presented fully meets our aims.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Open-Source, Low-Cost Apparatus for Conductivity Measurements Based on Arduino and Coupled to a Handmade Cell

et al. 2023

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Electrical conductivity is one of the main parameters for the characterization of water solutions and for the monitoring of water sources. In this paper, we describe a very inexpensive prototype for conductivity measurements based on Arduino UNO R3 coupled to an open-source circuit board with only passive components. We designed the printed circuit board (PCB) and the suitable handmade cell using stainless-steel electrodes and wrote the freeware management software; the assembly of the prototype, including a temperature probe, and results were relatively simple. In order to allow for replicates, the instrument design, schematics, and software are available with an open-source license. Thirty-one bottles of spring waters with conductivities of between 15.2 and 2000 µS cm−1 were tested using both this prototype and a commercial conductivity meter. Data correlation produced an equation that allowed us to obtain the conductivity value, starting with the value furnished by the Arduino apparatus in arbitrary units. The prototype is accurate enough (inaccuracy lower than 6% excluding very low conductivity values) and precise (RSD% of about 5%). Even if a lot of commercial instruments for conductivity are available, we propose a prototype built with the aim of lowering the cost of measurements, while ensuring that they remain useful for lab or in situ application, as well as for continuous water monitoring/management systems. A further aim was to propose the building of the instrument as a laboratory exercise; this can help students to better understand basic theoretical concepts regarding conductivity, electronic components, and the acquisition and treatment of analytical data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Open-Source, Low-Cost Apparatus for Conductivity Measurements Based on Arduino and Coupled to a Handmade Cell

et al. 2023

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“…This can be seen in the many scientific publications that make use of this technology [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. For example, they are used in agriculture and livestock farming [14][15][16], to monitor the irrigation of crops [17], the respiration rate of fruits and vegetables [18], the emission of methane from animals [19,20], change of water level during tides [21], water analysis [22], urban heat islands [23], etc. Arduino-based data loggers are also used to monitor energy production (e.g., solar energy [24,25]) or consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability Testing of a Low-Cost, Multi-Purpose Arduino-Based Data Logger Deployed in Several Applications Such as Outdoor Air Quality, Human Activity, Motion, and Exhaust Gas Monitoring

Hernández-Rodríguez,

González-Rivero,

Schalm

et al. 2023

Sensors

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This contribution shows the possibilities of applying a low-cost, multi-purpose data logger built around an Arduino Mega 2560 single-board computer. Most projects use this kind of hardware to develop single-purpose data loggers. In this work, a data logger with a more general hardware and software architecture was built to perform measurement campaigns in very different domains. The wide applicability of this data logger was demonstrated with short-term monitoring campaigns in relation to outdoor air quality, human activity in an office, motion of a journey on a bike, and exhaust gas monitoring of a diesel generator. In addition, an assessment process and corresponding evaluation framework are proposed to assess the credibility of low-cost scientific devices built in-house. The experiences acquired during the development of the system and the short measurement campaigns were used as inputs in the assessment process. The assessment showed that the system scores positively on most product-related targets. However, unexpected events affect the assessment over the longer term. This makes the development of low-cost scientific devices harder than expected. To assure stability and long-term performance of this type of design, continuous evaluation and regular engineering corrections are needed throughout longer testing periods.

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“…Open-source electronics systems have been developed to accurately measure gas pressures [13] and properties [14]. In addition, the approach has been used for such diverse and complex fields as smart converters and cloud connectivity [15], medical devices [16] like those for neuroscience [17,18], conventional [19,20] and indoor agriculture [21], electrophoresis [22], nuclear physics [23] and environmental monitoring [24,25]. The latter in particular has enabled open-source platforms for the undertaking of research-graded weather monitoring [26,27] and citizen environmental science [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter in particular has enabled open-source platforms for the undertaking of research-graded weather monitoring [26,27] and citizen environmental science [28,29]. In general, although open-source data acquisition (DAQ) systems have been developed for specific applications, including wire arc additive manufacturing [30], more general systems [31][32][33] and the systems in [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], the majority of science is still accomplished with closed source, proprietary systems. For example, National Instruments cDAQ [34] systems that are flexible, modular and operate as plug-and-play devices are widely popular but can be prohibitively expensive (~$1000 USD for a chassis and from $138 USD to $2846 USD per function card).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modular Open-Source Design of Pyrolysis Reactor Monitoring and Control Electronics

Hafting,

Kulas,

Michels

et al. 2023

Electronics

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Industrial pilot projects often rely on proprietary and expensive electronic hardware to control and monitor experiments. This raises costs and retards innovation. Open-source hardware tools exist for implementing these processes individually; however, they are not easily integrated with other designs. The Broadly Reconfigurable and Expandable Automation Device (BREAD) is a framework that provides many open-source devices which can be connected to create more complex data acquisition and control systems. This article explores the feasibility of using BREAD plug-and-play open hardware to quickly design and test monitoring and control electronics for an industrial materials processing prototype pyrolysis reactor. Generally, pilot-scale pyrolysis plants are expensive custom designed systems. The plug-and-play prototype approach was first tested by connecting it to the pyrolysis reactor and ensuring that it can measure temperature and actuate heaters and a stirring motor. Next, a single circuit board system was created and tested using the designs from the BREAD prototype to reduce the number of microcontrollers required. Both open-source control systems were capable of reliably running the pyrolysis reactor continuously, achieving equivalent performance to a state-of-the-art commercial controller with a ten-fold reduction in the overall cost of control. Open-source, plug-and-play hardware provides a reliable avenue for researchers to quickly develop data acquisition and control electronics for industrial-scale experiments.

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EmerSense: A low-cost multiparameter logger to monitor occurrence and duration of emersion events within intertidal zones

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

An Open-Source, Low-Cost Apparatus for Conductivity Measurements Based on Arduino and Coupled to a Handmade Cell

An Open-Source, Low-Cost Apparatus for Conductivity Measurements Based on Arduino and Coupled to a Handmade Cell

Reliability Testing of a Low-Cost, Multi-Purpose Arduino-Based Data Logger Deployed in Several Applications Such as Outdoor Air Quality, Human Activity, Motion, and Exhaust Gas Monitoring

Modular Open-Source Design of Pyrolysis Reactor Monitoring and Control Electronics

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