Emergy evaluation of biofuels production in Thailand from different feedstocks

Environmental performance assessment of Napier grass for bioenergy production

“…For the first case, the UEV was reduced 1.45-fold to 9.30 × 10 3 sej/J, %R global increased 1.4-fold to 55%, EYR increased 1.31-fold to 2.01, ELR was reduced 1.91-fold to 0.99 and the ESI was improved 1.95-fold to 2.04. In the second case, using biodiesel instead of conventional diesel fuel did not improve %R global , since the biodiesel production process was highly dependent on external resources and most were non-renewable resources (17%) (Nimmanterdwong, Chalermsinsuwan et al 2015). For this reason, the ESI of this scenario in Table 4 also shows that, with current biodiesel production process, the substitution of diesel with biodiesel is not a good alternative (higher UEV but higher %R global ).…”

“…In our previous literature, the feasibility of two agricultural crops, oil palm and Jatropha, as bioenergy feedstocks in Thailand was previously evaluated to identify suitable species for energy sources (Nimmanterdwong, Chalermsinsuwan et al 2015). By using emergy accounting, it was found that oil palm required less emergy input per unit biomass and had a higher renewability than Jatropha, i.e., oil palm was the preferable choice for a biorefinery.…”

Sustainability Assessment through Emergy Evaluation Analysis: Agricultural Waste Utilization for Pulp Production Case Study

“…Processes such as agricultural practices and chemical inputs were taken from generic data from a database, which, it can be explored further for a more comprehensive calculation. As comparison, in the case study of biorefinery production from palm oil, Nimmanterdwong et al calculated the EMA of this process in Thailand with the parameters EYR, ELR, and ESI [22]. In their case, the values of EYR, ELR, and ESI are 1.19, 5.18, and 0.23, respectively [22].…”

Sustainability assessment of water hyacinth fast pyrolysis in the Upper Paraguay River basin, Brazil

“…The Emergy accounting has been employed to assess systems' sustainability for several agro-industrial and biofuel production purposes (Nimmanterdwong et al, 2015;Patrizi et al, 2015;Wu et al, 2015;Buller et al, 2015;Seghetta et al, 2014;Cavalett and Ortega, 2010;Pereira and Ortega, 2010;Coppola et al, 2009;Bastianoni et al, 2008;Cavalett et al, 2006). Two Emergy assessments of fast pyrolysis have already been performed (Singh et al, 2009;Alonso-Pippo et al, 2004) for a laboratorial and a pilot plant, respectively.…”