Emerging Trends On Drug Delivery Strategy of Momordica charantia against Diabetes and its Complications

Thent, Zar Chi; Das, Srijit; Zaidun, Nurul Hannim

doi:10.2174/1567201814666170525122224

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fruit of M. charantia (bitter gourd or bitter melon) is not only a nutritious vegetable but has also been used in traditional medical practices to treat T2DM [ 14 , 24 , 25 ]. As a nonmedicinal alternative, MCE has been found to be a good functional food for diabetes intervention [ 14 ], but its potential as a remedy for diabetes has not been fully determined . The leaves of L. fischeri are another edible herb distributed throughout Eastern Asia including Korea, China, and Japan and are used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases, as well as obesity [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretically, optimal dose blending of plant extracts possessing glucose-lowering activity and alleviating obese conditions will be helpful in minimizing adverse effects along with maximizing beneficial outcomes. The extract of Momordica charantia fruit (MCE) is widely used as an alternative antidiabetic treatment [ 3 , 14 ] and also attenuates metabolic changes in experimental obesity [ 15 ]. The leaves of Ligularia fischeri are used as an edible herb in Korea, and L. fischeri extract (LFE) has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases as well [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antihyperglycemic and Antilipidemic Effects of the Ethanol Extract Mixture of Ligularia fischeri and Momordica charantia in Type II Diabetes‐Mimicking Mice

Baek

Jeong²,

Kwon

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The extract of the Momordica charantia fruit (MCE) is recognized as an alternative treatment for diabetes. The extract of Ligularia fischeri leaves (LFE) is traditionally used as a folk medicine for treating inflammatory diseases in Korea as well. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of MCE combined with LFE on antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic potentials. Based on the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect and promotion of adipocyte differentiation in the 3T3-L1 cell line, the MLM was prepared with MCE:LFE (8:2 weight:weight). MLM showed the synergistic effects in the promotion of the glucose uptake rate, suppression of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) mRNA expression, upregulation of an insulin receptor substrate and glucose transporter type-4 expression, and an increase in insulin-associated signaling in C2C12 cells. In addition, the efficacy of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonism and glucose uptake rate by MLM supplementation was significantly enhanced in vitro. Then, the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of MCE, LFE, and MLM at the dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day (n = 6 per each group) were determined in streptozotocin (STZ)-insulted mice fed an atherogenic diet (ATH) for 4 weeks. In addition, MLM (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day, n = 5 per each group) was supplemented in ATH-fed db/db mice for 10 weeks. Compared with MCE or LFE alone, MLM supplementation led to a more significant reduction of glucose levels in both STZ/ATH and db/db/ATH mice as well as lowered lipid profiles in STZ/ATH mice. In addition, the stimulation of islet of Langerhans regeneration was more pronounced by MLM supplementation in both mice models. In conclusion, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects were strengthened by the combined extracts of L. fischeri and M. charantia (MLM) in diabetes-mimicking mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antihyperglycemic and Antilipidemic Effects of the Ethanol Extract Mixture of Ligularia fischeri and Momordica charantia in Type II Diabetes‐Mimicking Mice

Baek

Jeong²,

Kwon

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Diabetes mellitus, one of the fastest growing diseases in the world, is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both [ 96 ]. Many studies suggest that a variety of M. charantia extract can be used as a remedy for the treatment of diabetes [ 8 , 31 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 ]. It has also been widely used as an antidiabetic drug in different countries for thousands of years [ 8 , 10 , 102 ].…”

Section: Biological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Momordica charantia: Functional Components and Biological Activities

Jia

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2017

IJMS

282

173

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Momordica charantia L. (M. charantia), a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and its fruit has been used as a vegetable for thousands of years. Phytochemicals including proteins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, triterpenes, saponins, ascorbic acid and steroids have been found in this plant. Various biological activities of M. charantia have been reported, such as antihyperglycemic, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, immunomodulation, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anthelmintic, antimutagenic, antiulcer, antilipolytic, antifertility, hepatoprotective, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, both in vitro and in vivo studies have also demonstrated that M. charantia may also exert toxic or adverse effects under different conditions. This review addresses the chemical constituents of M. charantia and discusses their pharmacological activities as well as their adverse effects, aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the phytochemistry and biological activities of M. charantia.

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“…Several of species under Momordica have reported health benefits with most studies examining the charantia fruit which is commonly known as bitter melon, for its ability to antagonize diabetes [ 33 – 35 ], restore glucose homeostasis [ 36 ], enhance insulin secretion [ 37 ], protect islet beta-cells [ 38 ], and aid in healing of diabetic wounds [ 39 ]. Bitter melon has additional beneficial health-promoting properties on cardiovascular health [ 40 , 41 ], gastric ulcers, and can prevent angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis in diverse cancers [ 42 – 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity‐Guided Isolation of Neuritogenic Factor from the Seeds of the Gac Plant (Momordica cochinchinensis)

Mazzio

Badisa

Eyunni

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Nerve growth factor (NGF) is an endogenously produced protein with the capacity to induce central nervous system (CNS) neuronal differentiation and repair. NGF signaling involves its binding to tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) receptors, internalization, and initiation of phosphorylation cascades which cause microtubule reorganization and neuronal outgrowth. Because NGF cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, its therapeutic use is limited. Synthetic peptides that can act as NGF receptor agonists (NGF mimetics) are known to attenuate neurodegenerative pathologies in experimental models of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease; however, the existence of plant-based NGF mimetics is uncertain. For this reason, we recently completed a high throughput screening of over 1100 nutraceuticals (vitamins, herbal plant parts, polyphenolics, teas, fruits, and vegetables) to identify neuritogenic factor using a PC-12 cell model. Remarkably we found only one, commonly known as the seed of Gac plant (Momordica cochinchinensis) (MCS). In the current study, we further investigated this seed for its neuritogenic effect using bioactivity-guided chemical separations. The data show no biological neuritogenic activity in any chemical solvent fraction, where activity was exclusive to the crude protein. MSC crude proteins were then separated by 1D electrophoresis, where the active neuritogenic activity was confirmed to have a molecular mass of approximately 17 kDa. Subsequently, the 17kDa band was excised, digested, and run on a UPLC-MS/MS with a Q Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer with data evaluated diverse tools such as X! Tandem, OMS, and K-score algorithms. Proteomic evaluation of the 17kDa band confirmed evidence for 11S globulin subunit beta, napin, oleosin, Momordica trypsin inhibitors (TI) MCoTI-I /II, and many isoforms of Two Inhibitor Peptide Topologies (TIPTOPs). While all peptides identified correspond to the genus/species, Momordica cochinchinensis and Cucumis Sativus, a significant limitation of the analysis is the nonexistence of full annotation for the Momordica cochinchinensis proteome. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that there is a stable protein within MCS having a mass of 17kDa with the capacity to induce neurite outgrowth. Future work will be required to establish the therapeutic value of the MCS for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Emerging Trends On Drug Delivery Strategy of Momordica charantia against Diabetes and its Complications

Abstract: The review paper is believed to assist the researchers and medical personnel in treating diabetic associated complications.

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Antihyperglycemic and Antilipidemic Effects of the Ethanol Extract Mixture of Ligularia fischeri and Momordica charantia in Type II Diabetes‐Mimicking Mice

Antihyperglycemic and Antilipidemic Effects of the Ethanol Extract Mixture of Ligularia fischeri and Momordica charantia in Type II Diabetes‐Mimicking Mice

Recent Advances in Momordica charantia: Functional Components and Biological Activities

Bioactivity‐Guided Isolation of Neuritogenic Factor from the Seeds of the Gac Plant (Momordica cochinchinensis)

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