Emerging Trends in Various Fields with Systems Biology Approach

Abstract

JCSB, an open access journal Systems Biology is also associated with disciplines likePhenomics -is a study concerned with the measurement of phenomes, the biochemical and physical traits of organisms with respect to their change in response to environmental influences and genetic mutation. Genomics -the study of the organisms genome is called genomics. This field includes derives the entire DNA sequence of organisms and finescale genetic mapping efforts. Epigenetics -study of heritable changes in cellular phenotype or gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes happen in DNA sequenceTranscriptomics -the set of all RNA molecules is called transcriptome, which includes mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, and other noncoding RNA. This study of transcriptome is called Transcriptomics.Interactomics -it is a combined subject of bioinformatics and biology which deals with both the interactions and the consequences of protein-protein interactions, and other cellular molecules [3].Interferomics -the study of post-transcriptomic vanges and pretranslatomic changes.Translatomics or Proteomics -is the study of proteins, in particular of their structures and functions [4,5]. Proteins are essential for living organisms, as they are the main components of the metabolic pathways of cells.Metabolomics -study of the unique chemical fingerprints which leaves behind specific cellular processes, the study of these profiles of small-molecule metabolite is called Metabolomics [6].Glycomics -the study of all glycans of a given cell type or organism. This comes under glycobiology.Lipidomics -the large-scale study of networks and pathways of cellular lipids in biological systems [7,8].NeuroElectroDynamics -the study of the dynamics and interaction of electrical charges in the brain [9].Fluxomics -a mathematical method for analysing metabolism is known as fluxomics. Knowledge of concentrations of metabolites or the details of enzyme kinetics of the system is not required for this mathematical method.Biomics -is the biological knowledge of Biomes, and the processing of that information, like ecological communities of plants, animals, and micro organisms comes under biomics.Biological function can be understood if we are able to integrate all relevant information at multiple levels of organization to recreate dynamic interactions. Mathematical and computational models together explain the underlying complex interacting non-linear processes in biological function which cannot be recreated by experimental observation [10].System Biology studies paved a huge role in various fields. The recent developments in some the fields are noted below.

Machine learning applied for metabolic flux‐based control of micro‐aerated fermentations in bioreactors

“…Advances in Systems Biology and the dissemination of genome‐scale metabolic models (GSMs) have made it possible to simulate the metabolism of an organism in silico (Nandikolla et al, 2011), shedding light on previously unknown cultivation conditions. GSMs generate a complete profile of the cellular metabolic network at the steady‐state, from which the optimal environmental conditions are elucidated for both maximizing the synthesis of a product (Agren et al, 2013; Bideaux et al, 2016) and minimizing the production of unwanted metabolites (Bro et al, 2006; Gudmundsson & Nogales, 2015).…”